【正文】
中考情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)(一)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞概說 1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也是“輔助性”動(dòng)詞,用來表示說話人的語氣或情態(tài)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞所表示的情態(tài)有:請求、命令、允諾、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、義務(wù)、能力等。 2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有詞義,但詞義不完全,不能單獨(dú)用作謂語,沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,且后面只跟動(dòng)詞原形。如: 她會(huì)唱英文歌曲。 She cans sing an English song.(F) She can sings an English song.(F) She can sing an English song.(T) 3.有些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)與其原形相同,有些與原形不同。 (1) 與原形相同的有: must must ought to ought to (2) 與原形不同的有: can could will would may might shall should need needed dare dared have to had to (二)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的種類:(見下表)原 形過去式詞 義cancould能maymight可以(或許)mustmust(had to)必須(不得不)willwould愿意shallshould應(yīng)該needneeded需要daredared敢于(三)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定形式:cannot can’t could not couldn’t may not mayn’t might not mightn’t must not mustn’t will not won’t would not wouldn’t need not needn’t shall not shan’t should not shouldn’t ought not oughtn’t dare not daren’t (四)常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法:1.can與could1). can(1)表示體力或腦力方面的“能力”,也能表示根據(jù)客觀條件能做某事的“能力”。 He can drive. Can you jump as far as he did? I can’t catch up with Jim. can與be able to二者都表示“能夠”,區(qū)別是:can只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去式,而be able to可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。如: I’ll be able to speak French in half a year. He hasn’t been able to finish it on time. (2)表示允許: You can go now. Can I use your bike? (3)表示推測: Who can it be? It can’t be true. can表示猜測或懷疑只用于疑問句及否定句中。 2). could(1)can的過去式,表示過去有能力及過去的可能性。 He couldn’t climb up the mountain. The news could be true. (2)表示客氣地請求或委婉地陳述意見。 Could you go skating with me tomorrow? I’m afraid I couldn’t give you an answer tonight.(3)表示驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度 How could he say that? He couldn’t be in Beijing. 2.may與might1). may(1)表示請求、許可、可以 —May I use your dictionary? —Yes, please/certainly. May I e in? (2)表示推測說話人的猜測,認(rèn)為某一事情“或許”或“可能”發(fā)生。 It may rain this afternoon. I may leave for Hangzhou next week. (3)may用于感嘆句中可以表示祝愿或愿望。 May you do well! May you have a good time! 2). might (1)用作may的過去式。 We didn’t know that he might be our new teacher. The accident might happen the day before yesterday. (2)替代may來表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,主要于推測