【正文】 吉林化工學(xué)院化工原理課程設(shè)計(jì)吉 林 化 工 學(xué) 院 化 工 原 理 課 程 設(shè) 計(jì) 題目 苯—甲苯二元物系篩板式精餾塔的工藝設(shè)計(jì) 教 學(xué) 院 環(huán)境與生物工程學(xué)院 專業(yè)班級 安全工程 0901 班 學(xué)生姓名 劉雪婷 學(xué)生學(xué)號 09360106 指導(dǎo)教師 王衛(wèi)東 吉林化工學(xué)院化工原理課程設(shè)計(jì)I 2020 年 6 月 20 日 化工原理課程設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書 苯甲苯二元物系篩板式精餾塔的工藝設(shè)計(jì)：常壓: ?加料量: 7mo/hF進(jìn)料組成: ?塔頂餾出液組成: =塔釜組成: =加料熱狀態(tài): ?單板壓降 7kPa?： (1).精餾塔的工藝設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算（包括物料衡算、熱量衡算、篩板塔的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算）(2).繪制帶控制點(diǎn)的工藝流程圖(3).繪制精餾塔設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)圖(4).撰寫精餾塔的設(shè)計(jì)說明書吉林化工學(xué)院化工原理課程設(shè)計(jì)II摘 要 本文是精餾塔及其進(jìn)料預(yù)熱的設(shè)計(jì)，分離摩爾分?jǐn)?shù)為 的苯甲苯溶液，使塔頂產(chǎn)品苯的摩爾含量達(dá)到 99%，塔底釜液摩爾分?jǐn)?shù)為 1%。綜合工藝操作方便、經(jīng)濟(jì)及安全等多方面考慮，本設(shè)計(jì)采用了篩板塔對苯甲苯進(jìn)行分離提純，塔板為碳鋼材料，按照逐板計(jì)算求得理論板數(shù)為 18。根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)式算得全塔效率為 。塔頂使用全凝器，部分回流。精餾段實(shí)際板數(shù)為 19，提餾段實(shí)際板數(shù)為 15。實(shí)際加料位置在第 19 塊板。精餾段彈性操作為，提餾段為 。通過板壓降、漏液、液泛、液沫夾帶的流體力學(xué)驗(yàn)算，均在安全操作范圍內(nèi)。塔的附屬設(shè)備中，所有管線均采用無縫鋼管。用 120℃飽和水蒸氣加熱。飽和水蒸氣走殼程，進(jìn)料液走管程。關(guān)鍵詞：苯甲苯、精餾、逐板計(jì)算、負(fù)荷性能圖、精餾塔設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)吉林化工學(xué)院化工原理課程設(shè)計(jì)IIIABSTRACT This design include fractionating rectification tower、reboilder and is used to seParate the benzenetoluene solution with the mole fraction of benzene content of overhead product can reach 99% and in the bottom product,the tent 1%. Thinking of the aspects ,for example convenience operation 、economy、safey etc,the column plate of the fractionating rectification tower is sieve plate ,the material of the column plate is carbon number of theretical plate is calculated plate to plate by puter with the programme of C language .It is overall plate efficieney is effective number of plate is 19 in the rectifying section,and is 15 in the stripping loading plate is No. flexibility ofthe rectifying section ,and the stripping result of the checking calculation of hydromechanics are all in the safe operation checking calculation of hydromechanics include the pressure drop of every plate,weeping,flooding and entrainment. Seamless steel pipe are used in all reboilder is horizontal float head ℃ saturate steam is used to saturate steam have the shell Pass and the resiolue have the tuke Pass.Key words:benzenetoluene rectify calculating by plate to plate the chart of burthening caPability the structure of fractionating rectification tower equipment 吉林化工學(xué)院化工原理課程設(shè)計(jì)IV目 錄緒 論 .............................................................................1第一章 精餾塔工藝設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ...............................................................31 物料衡算 ............................................................................3 原料液及塔頂，塔底產(chǎn)品的摩爾分率 ..................................................3 物料衡算 ..........................................................................32 板數(shù)的確定 ..........................................................................4 相對揮發(fā)度的計(jì)算 ..................................................................4 最小回流比的確定 ..................................................................4 求精餾塔氣液相負(fù)荷 ................................................................5 操作線方程的確定 ..................................................................5 精餾塔理論塔板數(shù)及理論加料位置 ....................................................5 操作溫度的計(jì)算 ....................................................................5 實(shí)際板數(shù)的計(jì)算 ....................................................................6 ......................................................................7 操作壓強(qiáng) .........................................................................7 ........................................................................7 平均摩爾質(zhì)量計(jì)算 ..................................................................7 平均密度 ..........................................................................8 液體表面張力 ......................................................................9 液體粘度 .........................................................................105．精餾段塔和塔板主要工藝尺寸計(jì)算 ....................................................10 氣液負(fù)荷和塔徑的計(jì)算 .............................................................10 精餾塔有效高度的計(jì)算 .............................................................11 溢流裝置 .........................................................................11 塔板布置 .........................................................................12 篩板的流體力學(xué)驗(yàn)算 ...............................................................13 塔板壓降 .......................................................................13 液沫夾帶量的驗(yàn)算 ...............................................................14 漏液的驗(yàn)算 .....................................................................14 液泛驗(yàn)算 .......................................................................15 塔板負(fù)荷性能圖 ...................................................................15 漏液線 .........................................................................15 .....................................................................16 液相負(fù)荷下限線 .................................................................16 .................................................................16 .........................................................................176 提餾段塔和塔板主要工藝尺寸計(jì)算 .....................................................18 塔徑 ...............................................................