【正文】 基于單片機(jī)的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要： 本設(shè)計(jì)是在深入研究當(dāng)前多種恒壓供水方案的基礎(chǔ)上，創(chuàng)造性地提出“定頻副電機(jī) +變頻 主電機(jī) +低端 MCU”的低成本高效能恒壓供水方案。設(shè)計(jì)通過控制變頻器的輸出頻率從而自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)水泵電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速，實(shí)現(xiàn)管網(wǎng)水壓的閉環(huán)調(diào)節(jié) (PID)，使供水系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)恒穩(wěn)于設(shè)定的壓力值。用戶可以自行設(shè)定水管中的水壓，低功耗低噪音高性能高壽命的特點(diǎn)使得本設(shè)計(jì)在同類產(chǎn)品中脫穎而出。使用 Keil C 和 Proteus 等先進(jìn) EDA 軟件進(jìn)行了高效率地設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)和仿真驗(yàn)證。 關(guān)鍵詞： 恒壓，高效率，水泵轉(zhuǎn)速 , 變頻器 Abstract： This design is in the deep research current many kinds of constant pressure water supply plan foundation， Creatively proposed that “decides the frequency viceelectrical machinery and frequency conversion main electrical machinery and carries MCU lowly” the low cost high efficiency constant pressure water supply plan。 The design through controls frequency changer39。s output frequency, thus automatic control water pump electrical machinery39。s rotational speed, Realizes the pipe work hydraulic pressure closed loop adjustment， Causes the water supply system automatic permanent steadily in the hypothesis value of pressure。 The user may establish in water pipe39。s hydraulic pressure voluntarily，The low power loss low noise high performance high life39。s characteristic causes this design in the similar products blooming。 Used Keil C and Proteus and so on advanced EDA software carries on the high efficiency design to realize with the simulation confirmation。 Keywords： Constant Pressure, High efficiency, PumpSpeed, Converter 目 錄 1 前言 .......................................................... 1 設(shè)計(jì)背景 ...................................................................................................................1 設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo) ...................................................................................................................2 實(shí)施計(jì)劃 ...................................................................................................................2 2 總體方案設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 3 方案比較 ...................................................................................................................3 方案一 .............................................................................................................3 方案二 .............................................................................................................3 方案三 .............................................................................................................4 方案論證 ...................................................................................................................5 方案選擇 ...................................................................................................................6 3 單元模塊設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 7 各單元模塊功能介紹及電路設(shè)計(jì) ...........................................................................7 水管壓力測(cè)量模塊 .........................................................................................7 時(shí)鐘模塊設(shè)計(jì)及與器件選擇 .........................................................................8 復(fù)位電路的設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................8 按 鍵接口模塊設(shè)計(jì) .........................................................................................9 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換模塊 ...............................................................................................10 D/A 轉(zhuǎn)換模塊 ............................................................................................... 11 顯示模塊設(shè)計(jì) ...............................................................................................12 電機(jī)控制設(shè)計(jì) ...............................................................................................12 穩(wěn)壓電源模塊 ...............................................................................................13 特殊器件的介紹 .....................................................................................................14 變頻器介紹 ...................................................................................................14 DAC0832 介紹 .............................................................................................16 ADC0809 介紹 .............................................................................................17 74LS245 介紹 ...............................................................................................20 單片機(jī) AT89C51 ..........................................................................................21 各單元模塊的聯(lián)接 .................................................................................................23 4 軟 件設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................... 24 軟件設(shè)計(jì)原理及設(shè)計(jì)所用工具 .............................................................................24 主程序流程圖 .........................................................................................................24 T0 中斷服務(wù)程序 .........................................................................................25 獨(dú)立按鍵程序設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................28 LED 動(dòng)態(tài)顯示程序模塊的設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................30 5 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 ...................................................... 31 Proteus 仿真軟件介紹 ............................................................................................32 軟件調(diào)試 .................................................................................................................35 水管壓力顯示的仿真 ...................................................................................35 恒壓值的仿真 ...............................................................................................38 6 結(jié)論 ......................................................... 40 7 總結(jié)與體會(huì) .................................................... 41 8 謝辭 ......................................................... 42 9 參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................... 43 附 1 系統(tǒng)的原理電路圖 .............................................. 44 附 2 系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)程序 ..........................................