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初三英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(已修改)

2024-11-05 18:16 本頁(yè)面
 

【正文】 第 1 頁(yè) 共 158 頁(yè) 初三英語(yǔ)詳細(xì)總結(jié) Unit 1 一、知識(shí)點(diǎn) in : 在旅館的登記入住。 Check out: 在旅館結(jié)賬離開。 : ① 通過(guò) ….. 方式(途徑)。例: I learn English by listening to tapes. ② 在 ….. 旁邊。例: by the window/the door ③ 乘坐交通工具 例: by bus/car ④ 在 …… 之前,到 …… 為止。例: by October 在 10 月前 ⑤ 被 例: English is spoken by many people. 與 what 的區(qū)別: how 通常對(duì)方式或程度提問(wèn),意思有:怎么樣 如何,通常用來(lái)做狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。 what 通常對(duì)動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者或接受者提問(wèn),意思為 什么,通常做賓語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)。 ① How is your summer holiday? It?s OK.(how表示程度 做表語(yǔ) ) ② How did you travel around the world? I travel by air. ③ What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects. 第 2 頁(yè) 共 158 頁(yè) ① What…think of…? How…like…? ② What…do with…? How…deal with…? ③ What…like about…? How…like…? ④ What?s the weather like today? How?s the weather today? ⑤ What to do? How to do it? . What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? I don?t know what I should do with the matter.=I don?t know how I should deal with it. What do you like about China?=How do you like China? I don?t know what to do next step?=I don?t know how to do it next step? ㊣ What good / bad weather it is today!( weather 為不可數(shù)名詞,其前不能加 a ) ㊣ What a fine / bad day it is today! ( day 為可數(shù)名詞,其前要加 a ) 4. aloud, loud 與 loudly 的用法 : 三個(gè)詞都與 大聲 或 響亮 有關(guān)。 ① aloud 是副詞 ,重點(diǎn)在出聲能讓人聽見 ,但聲音不一定很大 , 常用在讀書或說(shuō)話上。通常放在動(dòng)詞之后。 aloud 沒有比較級(jí)形式。 如 : He read the story aloud to his 。 第 3 頁(yè) 共 158 頁(yè) ② loud 可作形容詞或副詞。用作副詞時(shí) ,常與 speak, talk, laugh 等動(dòng)詞連用 ,多用于比較級(jí) ,須放在動(dòng)詞之后。如 : She told us to speak a little louder. 她讓我們說(shuō)大聲一點(diǎn)。 ③ loudly 是副詞 ,與 loud 同義 ,有時(shí)兩者可替換使用 ,但往往 含有令人討厭或打擾別人的意思 ,可位于動(dòng)詞之前或之后。如 : He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不當(dāng)眾大聲談笑。 5. voice 指人的嗓音 也指鳥鳴。 sound 指人可以聽到的各種聲音。 noise 指噪音、吵鬧聲 6. find + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓補(bǔ)(名詞 形容詞 介詞短語(yǔ) 分詞等) 例: I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden. We found him in bed. He found the window closed. We found her honest. 7. 常見的系動(dòng)詞有: ① 是: am 、 is、 are 第 4 頁(yè) 共 158 頁(yè) ② 保持: keep、 stay ③ 轉(zhuǎn)變: bee、 get、 turn ④ …… 起來(lái) feel、 look、 smell、 taste、 sound 8. get + 賓語(yǔ) +賓補(bǔ)(形容詞 過(guò)去分詞 動(dòng)詞不定式) 使某種情況發(fā)生 例: Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干凈 Get Mr. Green to e. 讓格林先生進(jìn)來(lái) I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行車 You can?t get him waiting. 你不能讓他老等著 9. 動(dòng)詞不定式做定語(yǔ) ① 與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系 The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the first to e. ② 與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系 I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with. I need some paper to write on. I don?t have a room to live in. 10. practice , fun 做名詞為不可數(shù)名詞 第 5 頁(yè) 共 158 頁(yè) 11. add 補(bǔ)充說(shuō) 又說(shuō) 12. join 加入某團(tuán)體 并成為其中一員 attend 出席參加會(huì)議或講座 join in 與 take part in 指參加到某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)中去。 、 both、 always 以及 every 復(fù)合詞與 not 連用構(gòu)成部分否定。其完全否定為: allnone, bothneither, everythingnothing, everybodynobody. 14. be afraid of doing sth. / be afraid of being alone be afraid to do be afraid that 恐怕?lián)模硎疚裾Z(yǔ)氣 : ① 放在否定句末表示 “也 ” ② 兩者中的 “任一 ” ③ either…or… 或者 … 或者 .… 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)部分,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞按照就近原則 完成,是個(gè)較正式的詞,后不能接動(dòng)名詞 finish 指日常事物的完成 ,an 與序數(shù)詞連用表示 “又一 ”, “再一 ”。 例: Please give me a second apple. There es a fifth girl. 第 6 頁(yè) 共 158 頁(yè) trouble/difficult/problem (in) doing….. 干 ….. 遇到麻煩,困難 除非,如果不,等于 “if not”本身就表示否定,引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,主句為將來(lái)時(shí),條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。 例: My baby sister doesn?t cry unless she?s hungry. =My baby sister doesn?t cry if she isn?t hungry. Unless you take more care, you?ll have an accident. 如果你不多加小心的話,你會(huì)出事的。 : adv. 代替,更換。 例: We have no coffee, would you like tea instead? 我們沒有咖啡了,改喝茶好嗎? It will take days by car, so let?s fly instead. 開車去要好幾天呢,咱們還是坐飛機(jī)吧。 Tom was ill, so I went ,所以換了我去。 instead of doing sth. 作為某人或某事物的替換 例: Let?s play cards instead of watching TV. 第 7 頁(yè) 共 158 頁(yè) We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes. Give me the red one instead of the green one. 口頭的,口語(yǔ)的。 spoken English 口頭英語(yǔ) speaking 講話的,說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言的。 Speaking skills 講英語(yǔ)的能力 22. 提建議的句子: ① What/ how about +doing sth.? 如: What/ How about going shopping? ② Why don?t you + do sth.? 如: Why don?t you go shopping? ③ Why not + do sth. ? 如: Why not go shopping? ④ Let?s + do sth. 如: Let?s go shopping ⑤ Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如: Shall we/ I go shopping? 23. a lot 許多 常用于句末 如: I eat a lot. 我吃了許多。 24. too…to 太 … 而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如: I?m too tired to say anything. 我太累了,什么都不想說(shuō)。 25. not …at all 一點(diǎn)也不 根本不 如: I like milk very much. I don?t like coffee at all. 第 8 頁(yè) 共 158 頁(yè) 我非常喜歡牛奶。我一點(diǎn)也不喜歡咖啡。 not 經(jīng)??梢院椭鷦?dòng)詞結(jié)合在一起, at all 則放在句尾 / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth. === be excited to do sth. 對(duì) … 感興奮 如: I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=== I am excited to go to Beijing. 我對(duì)去北京感到興奮。 27. ① end up doing sth 終止做某事,結(jié)束做某事 如: The party ended up singing. 晚會(huì)以唱歌而結(jié)束。 ② end up with sth. 以 … 結(jié)束 如: The party ended up with her singing. 晚會(huì)以她的歌唱而告終。 28. first of all 首先 . to begin with 一開始 later on 后來(lái)、隨 29. also 也、而且(用于肯定句)常在句子的中間 either 也(用于否定句)常在句末 第 9 頁(yè) 共 158 頁(yè) too 也 (用于肯定句 ) 常在句末 =as well 30. make mistakes 犯錯(cuò) mistake sb. for … 把 …… 錯(cuò)認(rèn)為 …… make mistakes (in) doing sth. 在干某事方面出錯(cuò) by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地;由于搞錯(cuò) mistakemistookmistaken 如: I often make mistakes. 我經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò)。 I mistook him for his 。 make a mistake 犯一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤 如: I have made a mistake. 我已經(jīng)犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。 31. laugh at sb. 笑話;取笑(某人) 如: Don?t laugh at me!不要取笑我 ! 32. take notes 做筆記,做記錄 33. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做 … 樂意做 … 如: She enjoys playing football. 她喜歡踢足球。 第 10 頁(yè) 共 158 頁(yè) enjoy oneself 過(guò)得愉快 如: He enjoyed himself. 他過(guò)得愉快。 34. native speaker 說(shuō)本族語(yǔ)的人 35. one of +(the+ 形容詞比較級(jí) )+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式 … 其中之一 如: She is one of the most popular
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