【正文】 ??????????????????????中 圖 分 類 號：西 南 交 通 大 學研 究 生 學 位 論 文碎裂巖質(zhì)高邊坡現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測與穩(wěn)定性評價年 級 2022 級 姓 名 閆 振 申請學位級別 工 學 碩 士 專 業(yè) 道路與鐵道工程 指 導(dǎo) 教 師 陸陽 教授 二○○七年五月??????????????????????Classified Index:Southwest Jiaotong UniversityMaster Degree Thesis FIELD MONITORING AND STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR REINFORCING ROCK HIGHSLOPE OF RODE BASEClass: Civil Engineering 2022Candidate: Yan zhenAcademic Degree Applied for: Master of EngineeringMajor: Road and Railway EngineeringSupervisor: Prof. Lu YangMay,2022?????????????????????? 西南交通大學碩士研究生學位論文 第 I 頁摘 要路塹高邊坡的施工，是一個破壞山體原有力學平衡而又用支護工程重建力學平衡的過程。路塹邊坡的開挖必然導(dǎo)致坡體內(nèi)部應(yīng)力場的重分布，產(chǎn)生變形；對此必須采取適當?shù)墓こ檀胧?，確保邊坡的變形收斂、整體穩(wěn)定。但是，鑒于邊坡地質(zhì)情況的復(fù)雜性、施工過程影響因素的不確定性以及對路塹邊坡的地質(zhì)勘探水準的限制，對邊坡的變形穩(wěn)定事先準確預(yù)測還存在很大困難。因此，通過重要邊坡的現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測，可以為指導(dǎo)設(shè)計施工提供重要的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)，確保路塹高邊坡安全。另一方面，通過現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測可以了解邊坡的狀態(tài)改變及發(fā)展趨勢，以檢驗支護工程效果，為類似工程的設(shè)計提供參考借鑒。論文結(jié)合四川省交通廳計劃科研項目“深挖巖質(zhì)邊坡穩(wěn)定性分析及支擋防護方法研究”(項目編號：99003)，以西攀高速公路 K132＋472～＋565 高邊坡為依托工點，開展巖質(zhì)邊坡現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測及施工期穩(wěn)定性評價。為以后同類邊坡工程的穩(wěn)定性評價和處理，提供了理論研究和實際參考價值。本論文主要研究工作如下:(1)在收集有關(guān)工程地質(zhì)和水文地質(zhì)資料的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)實際工程地質(zhì)條件對邊坡的潛在破壞模式進行了初步分析。并對該邊坡的巖石進行常規(guī)及三軸試驗，結(jié)合野外工程巖體結(jié)構(gòu)特點及相關(guān)經(jīng)驗性資料，以獲得邊坡穩(wěn)定性評價的巖石力學參數(shù)。(2)針對碎裂巖質(zhì)邊坡施工期的特點，結(jié)合 K132高邊坡監(jiān)測方案的設(shè)計與實施，對碎裂巖質(zhì)邊坡動態(tài)監(jiān)測過程進行了探討。認為，邊坡動態(tài)監(jiān)測綜合考慮了邊坡施工過程中多種因素的相互影響，能較全面地把握邊坡的內(nèi)部變形及坡體應(yīng)力變化情況，為邊坡穩(wěn)定性判斷提供更多更可靠的信息。監(jiān)測應(yīng)用表明:該設(shè)計方法全面、可靠，較好地滿足了高邊坡的動態(tài)監(jiān)測要求。(3)討論了安全監(jiān)測在邊坡工程中的重要性，對 K132高邊坡所取得的監(jiān)測資料進行了詳細的分析，分析了邊坡施工期的變形特征，并與所計算的穩(wěn)定性和變形量等成果進行了對比。在對測斜數(shù)據(jù)的處理過程中，為了提高邊坡穩(wěn)定性評價的準確性，將小波分析應(yīng)用在邊坡水平位移監(jiān)測曲線的降噪中，選用小波閾值法對西攀高速公路 K132高邊坡監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)進行降噪，結(jié)果證明有效。?????????????????????? 西南交通大學碩士研究生學位論文 第 II 頁(4)為配合 K132高邊坡的信息化施工，確立了分階段實施陡坡路基挖方工程邊坡原位支護結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)力和變形狀態(tài)監(jiān)測方案。監(jiān)測結(jié)果表明，施工第一階段，認為邊坡巖體整體較穩(wěn)定，但斷層及斷層破碎帶巖體極為破碎，淺層穩(wěn)定性差，適當放緩了邊坡開挖坡比，并將第四、五級邊坡錨桿長度減短。第二階段，通過開挖所揭示的巖層產(chǎn)狀及鉆孔取樣獲取的信息，綜合深部位移監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)分析，確定本階段兩級邊坡防護設(shè)計按原方案正常施工。第三階段，綜合監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)及一級坡面開挖揭示的工程地質(zhì)條件，將一級邊坡原設(shè)計預(yù)應(yīng)力錨索樁改為框架錨索。達到了保證工程安全、降低施工難度、保證工程措施經(jīng)濟合理的目的。關(guān)鍵詞：巖質(zhì)邊坡；現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測；小波降噪；信息化施工；穩(wěn)定性評價?????????????????????? 西南交通大學碩士研究生學位論文 第 III 頁AbstractExecution for highslope of rode cutting is a process which inhere mechanical equilibrium is broken and new equilibrium is reconstructed by supporting. Force field will redistribution and distortion will accrue if excavation be adopted. Some engineering measures must be adopted in order to insure slope stability. It is difficult to forecast slope distortion accurately because plexity of geology, uncertainty of affecting factor of construction work and limit of geological exploration capability. So field monitoring is very important. On one hand, some basic data can be offered which can guide design and execution. On the other hand we can kNow state of high slope and trend of distortion. The plexity of the slope makes it difficult to predict the behavior of the slope. In order to solve this problem, a method that the slop is designed assistant by information and monitor is been inducted. The excavation stability and reinforcement effects of the slope at K132 of XichangPanzhihua highway were systematically and profoundly studied. The main study includes four parts as below:(1) Based on the site survey, topographical condition and geologic information achieved before excavation of the rock highslope. To analyze the failure model of plant back slope by collecting the relevant engineering and hydrologic geology condition。 Continuity model of engineering rock masses is built. The schematization method of the continuity of engineering rock mass is reported. At mountain areas the natural slope failure often occur after construction of highways. Conventional tests and clay tests from a sample illustration were conducted which bine the field features of engineering rock and some experimental data in order to obtain the putation parameters for slope stability analysis. The calculation results are provided for nonlinear finite elements (FEM) for analysis of excavated slope. The results showed that it is effective and reasonable way to determine parameters of engineering rock masses.(2) In allusion to feature of construction period for K132 cataclasite slope, some discuss have made on dynamic monitoring process. It is believed that by dynamic monitoring that diversified factors be considered and more credibility information be offered. We can grasp distortion and stress of slope roundly. The result shows that the design of monitor is prehensive and credibility.(3) Significance of field monitor on slope has been discussed. Detailed analysis on all information of monitoring have been made in order to predict the behavior of the slope and estimate the excavation stability. Undulation in displacement monitoring curve of slope both reflect abrupt changes which nature and manpower bring about and reflect influence of ambient noise. It’s important to eliminating the noise of slope’s displacement monitoring for improve veracity of slope stability evaluation. There are abroad applications in eliminating noise of signal. In this paper, wavelet analysis is used to study the methods for eliminating the noise of ?????????????????????? 西南交通大學碩士研究生學位論文 第 IV 頁slope’s displacement monitoring dates. The nonlinear wavelet threshold is used for eliminating noise of displacement monitoring dates in XiPan highway K132 slope. The results show this method is effective. (4) Construct with monitoring data is a scientific method. Grading executing, grading choosing all kinds of information and grading perfect designs were adopted in supporting works. With reference to monitoring data, adjust supporting engineering measures timely. To discuss the arrangement principle of safety monitoring instruments in engineering slopes, analyze the deformation data acquired by the monitoring instruments, study the stability of slope during digging and the actual