【正文】 1 摘 要 隨著石油化工行業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展，換熱器在石化行業(yè)設(shè)備中占據(jù)著重要的部分和地位。換熱器是一種實(shí)現(xiàn)物料之間能量傳遞的設(shè)備，本設(shè)計(jì)主要是針對(duì)的浮頭式換熱器，浮頭式換熱器屬于管殼式換熱器的一種，是利用間壁使高溫流體和低溫流體進(jìn)行對(duì)流傳熱從而實(shí)現(xiàn)物料間的熱量傳遞。 在設(shè)計(jì)的整個(gè)過(guò)程中，嚴(yán)格按照 GB1501998《鋼制壓力容器》和 GB1511999《管殼式換熱器》等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算。以及對(duì)換熱器的強(qiáng)度，剛度和穩(wěn)定性的校核。 本設(shè)計(jì)包括四個(gè)部分：說(shuō)明部分；計(jì)算部分；繪圖部分和翻譯部分。說(shuō)明部分主要闡述了浮頭式 換熱器的工藝流程及其在煉油化工生產(chǎn)中的地位，換熱器設(shè)備及其發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和國(guó)內(nèi)外換熱器的最新發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，同時(shí)介紹了換熱器的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，換熱器主要零部件結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)及壓力容器常用材料等。最后對(duì)壓力容器的制造，檢驗(yàn)和驗(yàn)收等問(wèn)題也作了簡(jiǎn)單的介紹。計(jì)算部分主要針對(duì)筒體，封頭，和法蘭進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)計(jì)算，并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了水壓試驗(yàn)校核，還對(duì)換熱器的管板，折流板，鞍座等進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算。除此之外，還參閱相關(guān)的設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)及大量的文獻(xiàn)，完成了各個(gè)零件圖的繪制，還對(duì)兩萬(wàn)字符的外文進(jìn)行了翻譯等工作。因此，這是份比較具有創(chuàng)新性的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)。 關(guān)鍵詞： 浮 頭式換熱器；筒體；壓力試驗(yàn)；校核 Abstract With the oil of the rapid development of the chemical industry, heat exchanger equipment in the petrochemical industry occupies an important part and status. Is a heat exchanger to achieve energy transfer between the materials of the equipment, mainly for the design of the floating head heat exchanger, floating head heat exchangers are shell and tube heat exchanger type is the use of 2 partitions so that hightemperature fluid and lowtemperature fluid for convective heat transfer in order to achieve the heat transfer between materials. In the design of the whole process, in strict accordance with GB1501998 Steel Pressure Vessels and GB1511999 shell and tube heat exchanger and other standards for the design and calculation. As well as the heat exchanger strength, stiffness and stability of the check. The design includes four parts: that part of it。 calculation part。 mapping and translation of some parts. Note on some of the main floating head heat exchanger and its application in the process of refining the position of chemical production, heat exchanger and the development of equipment and heat exchangers at home and abroad the latest development trends, at the same time introduced the structure of heat exchanger design, heat exchanger design of the structure of the main ponents and pressure vessels monly used materials. Finally, pressure vessel manufacturing, testing and acceptance of other issues also made a brief introduction. Calculated for some of the main cylinder, head, and carried out a detailed calculation of the flange, and its hydraulic test checking, but also on the heat exchanger tube sheet, baffle, such as a saddlerelated design calculation. In addition, see the related design manuals and a lot of literature, pleted the mapping of various parts, but also on the20,000 foreignlanguage characters for the translation work. Therefore, it is a parison of graduates with innovative design. Key words: Floating head heat exchanger。 cylinder。 pressure test。 check 3 目 錄 1 前言 .......................................................... 1 .......................................... 1 .......................................... 2 .................................................... 2 .................................................... 3 .......................................... 3 .................................................... 3 .......................................... 3 ........................................ 4 ................................................ 4 ................................................ 4 ................................................ 4 ................................................ 4 .................................................... 4 .................................................... 4 .............................. 5 ........................................ 6 .......................................... 7 ...................................... 7 ...................................... 7 .......................................... 8 .............................................. 9 ........................................... 10 4 ................................... 11 ................................................. 14 ....................................... 14 ............................... 16 ........................................ 19 ................................................... 20 HTRI .................................................. 21 ASPEN PLUS B— JAC ..................................... 22 結(jié)語(yǔ) ...................................................... 23 2 設(shè)計(jì)部分 ..................................................... 24 ： ................................... 24 ............................................... 24 ............................................. 24 ....................................... 25 ............................................... 25 ............................................... 25 ....................................... 26 ....................................... 27 ............................. 27 ............................................... 27 ............................................... 28 ......................................... 31 ............................................. 31 ............................. 32 5 ....................... 32 ......................................... 33 ......................................... 33 ............................................... 33 ............................................... 34 ............................................. 38 ............................................... 38 ............................................. 39 ............................................... 41 ....................................... 42 3 致 謝 ...................................................... 45 4 參考文獻(xiàn) .................................................... 46 1 前 言 換熱器是一種實(shí)現(xiàn)物料之間熱量傳遞的節(jié)能設(shè)備，在石油、化工、冶金、電力、輕工、食品等行業(yè)應(yīng)用普遍。在煉油、化工裝置中換熱器占總設(shè)備數(shù)量的 40％左右，占總投資的30％ ～ 45％ 。尤其是換熱器在化工生產(chǎn)裝置中應(yīng)用十分廣泛，是化工操作單元中的重要組成部分。隨著工業(yè)裝置的大型化和高效率化，換熱器也趨于大型化。目前在大型化工生產(chǎn)裝置中，各種換熱設(shè)備的數(shù)量占工藝設(shè)備數(shù)量的 30％以上。因此，了解換熱器各方面知識(shí)是很有必要的。 換熱器種類(lèi) 繁多，形式各異