【正文】 MCS51 單片機測溫系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 I MCS51 單片機測溫 系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 內(nèi)容 摘要 本設(shè)計是以一個保溫箱為控制對象，以 AT89C51 為控制系統(tǒng)核心，通過單片機系統(tǒng)設(shè)計實現(xiàn)對保溫箱溫度的顯示和控制功能。本溫度控制系統(tǒng)是一個閉環(huán) 反饋調(diào)節(jié) 系統(tǒng)，由溫度傳感器 DS18B20 對 保溫箱溫度進行檢測，經(jīng)過調(diào)理電路得到合適的電壓信號。 經(jīng)芯片 處理 得到偏差 信號， 通過對偏差 信號 的處理獲 應 的溫度值，將所得的溫度值與設(shè)定溫 得控制信號， 利用 系統(tǒng)的 I/O資源 去擴展外圍電路 ，通過 外接繼電器電路 ， 根據(jù)繼電器常開常閉的性質(zhì)，給繼電器高低電平來實現(xiàn)繼電器的通斷。從而實現(xiàn) 低溫狀態(tài)時電熱 絲加熱 升溫 ，高溫狀態(tài)時電風扇轉(zhuǎn)動 來降溫，使得溫度始終處于設(shè)定的溫度范圍內(nèi)， 從而實現(xiàn)對 保溫箱溫度的顯示和控制 。 本文主要介紹了保溫箱溫度控制系統(tǒng)的工作原理和設(shè)計方法，論文主要由三部分構(gòu)成。 ① 系統(tǒng)整體方案設(shè)計。 ② 系統(tǒng) 硬件設(shè)計，主要包括溫度檢測電路、顯示電路、鍵盤設(shè)計和控制電路。 ③ 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計，軟件的設(shè)計采用模塊化設(shè)計，主要包括、顯示模塊、鍵盤模塊和控制模塊等。 最后對整個系統(tǒng)進行聯(lián)合調(diào)試，使系統(tǒng)達到本次的設(shè)計要求。 關(guān) 鍵詞 ： 單片機；傳感器；溫度檢測 ；繼電器 廣東技術(shù)師范學院天河學院本科畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計） II MCS51 Microcontroller Temperature Measurement System Design ABSTRACT This design takes a heat preservation box as a control object and the AT89C51 as a control system core. A Singlechip Computer system is designed to carry out the temperature display and control. This heat temperature control system is a closed loop feedback control system. The temperature of the heat preservation box is measured by sensor DS18B20. For DS18B20, a adjust electric circuit is designed to get a suitable electric voltage signal for the transformation. After the transformation, the corresponding temperature digital quantity can be obtains, and is pared with the setting temperature, then a deviation can be obtained. Through processing the deviation, a control signal will be produced, which adjusts the heater the on or off, thus the preservation box temperature control and display is realized. This design introduces the temperature control system principle of work and the design method. The paper mainly includes by three parts: Fristly,the system outline project , hardware design, the hardware design mainly includes the temperature adaptive electric circuit, the circuit, the display circuit, the keyboard design and the control circuit. Thirdly,software design method, the software design uses the modular design, mainly includes the transformation module, the demonstration module, the keyboard module and the control module. Key words： Singlechip Computer。 Sensor。 Temperature Measurement MCS51 單片機測溫系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 III 目錄 1 緒論 ........................................................................................................................................ 1 課題設(shè)計背景和目的 ................................................................................................. 1 國內(nèi)外研究狀況和發(fā)展趨勢 ..................................................................................... 1 .................................................................................................. 2 .................................................................................................. 3 2 系 統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計 ................................................................................................................ 4 ...................................................................................................... 4 芯片選擇 .......................................................................................................... 5 溫度檢測 .......................................................................................................... 5 鍵盤輸入 .......................................................................................................... 5 ............................................................................................................. 5 控制電路 .......................................................................................................... 6 ...................................................................................................... 6 3 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計 ........................................................................................................................ 7 ...................................................................................................................... 7 中央處理器 ................................................................................................................. 7 AT89C51 簡介 ................................................................................................... 8 ........................................................................................................... 8 ......................................................................................................... 11 ............................................................................................. 12 DS18B20 ................................................................................................. 12 LED顯示 .................................................................................................................... 14 鍵盤接口 ................................................................................................................... 17 控制電路 ................................................................................................................... 18 4 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 ...................................................................................................................... 20 顯示子程序 ............................................................................................................... 21 ................................................................................................................ 21 鍵盤子程序 ............................................................................................................... 22 5 結(jié)論 ...................................................................................................................................... 24 參考文獻 .................................................................................................................................. 25 致謝 .......................................................................