【正文】 學(xué)號(hào)： 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū) U 型管換熱器設(shè)計(jì) U tube heat exchanger design 學(xué)院 機(jī)電工程學(xué)院 專(zhuān)業(yè) 化工設(shè)備與機(jī)械 班級(jí) 學(xué)生 指導(dǎo)教師（職稱(chēng)） 完成時(shí)間 年 月日至 年 月 日 摘要 III 摘要 換熱器是許多工業(yè)部門(mén)廣泛應(yīng)用的工藝設(shè)備。設(shè)計(jì)中考慮操作 條件及介質(zhì)的特性，本設(shè)計(jì)采用 U 型管式換熱器結(jié)構(gòu)。該設(shè)備適用于溫差不大，殼程流體清潔，不易結(jié)垢拆卸、清洗的場(chǎng)合。在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，依照 GB1511999《鋼制 U型管式換熱器》對(duì)換熱器依次進(jìn)行工藝計(jì)算、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)（材料選型）、強(qiáng)度計(jì)算，最后完成專(zhuān)題討論。其中在強(qiáng)度計(jì)算中，根據(jù)溫差具體的數(shù)值，對(duì)膨脹節(jié)的需要進(jìn)行計(jì)算。本設(shè)計(jì)每層管子排列方式采用正三角形排列，這種方法在相同的管板面積上可排較多的管子，且管外表面?zhèn)鳠嵯禂?shù)大。但由于是雙管程結(jié)構(gòu)，所以在分程隔板兩邊采用矩形排列。最后經(jīng)檢測(cè)該臺(tái)換熱器是否滿足介質(zhì)換熱的需要。 關(guān)鍵詞：換熱器； U 型管式；工藝設(shè)計(jì)；結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)；強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 廣東石油化工學(xué)院專(zhuān)科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)： U 型管換熱器設(shè)計(jì) IV ABSTRACT The heat exchanger is the techniques equipment widely used in many industrial departments. In the design it uses the fixed tube plate type of the heat interchanger structure,because of the operating condition and the medium characteristic. This equipment is suitable when the temperature difference is not big,the shell regulation fluid is clean,or the fraze,disassembling or cleaning for the heat exchanger is not easy. In the process of the design,the technological design,the structural design(material shaping) and the strength calculation must according to the GB1511999Steel SystemShell Type Heat interchanger,finally it pletes the seminar. In the strength calculation,it must be puted for the require of the part of inflates according to the difference concrete value ot the the design the way of each pipe arrangement uses the equilateral triangle arrangement,this method may arrange many pipes in the same tube plate area,also the tube outside surface heat transfer coefficient is big. But because the structure is two barrel regulation, it uses the rectangular arrangement at the both sides of the partition board. Finally it be difined that the heat interchanger whether satisfies the need of the medium heat transfer. Key words: heat exchanger； fixed tube plate； technological design。 structural design； strength calculation 目錄 V 目 錄 摘要 .................................................................................................................. III ABSTRACT....................................................................................................... IV 前 言 .................................................................................................................. 1 第一章 緒論 ..................................................................................................... 2 1． 1 換熱器的應(yīng)用及其發(fā)展 ..................................................................... 2 1． 2 換熱器的分類(lèi)及其特點(diǎn) ..................................................................... 5 1． 3 U 型管式換熱器的設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................... 7 第二章 換熱器的工藝計(jì)算 ................................................................................ 8 2． 1 設(shè)計(jì)條件 ............................................................................................ 8 2． 2 確定物性數(shù)據(jù) .................................................................................... 8 2． 3 符號(hào)說(shuō)明 ............................................................................................ 8 2． 4 流體走向的確定 ................................................................................ 9 2． 5 估算傳熱面積，初選換熱器的規(guī)格 ................................................... 9 2． 6 換熱管的排列和管心距 .....................................................................10 2． 7 折流板 ............................................................................................... 11 2. 8 接管 ..................................................................................................... 11 2． 9 壓強(qiáng)降的核算 ...................................................................................12 2． 10 總傳熱系數(shù)的核算 ..........................................................................13 第三章 換熱器的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ...............................................................................16 3. 1 筒體 .....................................................................................................16 3. 2 管箱材料 .............................................................................................16 3. 3 管箱法蘭 ............................................................................................17 3. 4 接管材料 .............................................................................................18 3. 5 接管法蘭 ............................................................................................19 3. 7 管板 ....................................................................................................20 3. 8 材料 .....................................................................................................21 3. 9 換熱管 ................................................................................................21 3. 10 拉桿 ..................................................................................................22 折流板的選取及布置 .........................................................................23 3. 12 封頭 ..................................................................................................23 第四章 換熱 器的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 ...............................................................................25 4． 1 筒體壁厚計(jì)算 ...................................................................................25 4． 2 管箱短節(jié)、封頭厚度計(jì)算 .................................................................26 4． 3 膨脹節(jié)的設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................26 4． 4 換熱器 受壓元件強(qiáng)度計(jì)算及校核 ......................................................28 換熱器強(qiáng)度計(jì)算與校核 .......................................................................28 廣東石油化工學(xué)院專(zhuān)科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)： U 型管換熱器設(shè)計(jì) VI 4． 6 鞍座校核 ...................................