土壤形成和發(fā)育ppt課件(已修改)
2025-01-26 12:52 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 1 UNITE 2 SOIL ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES 土壤環(huán)境過(guò)程 and Development 土壤形成和發(fā)育 Colloidal Chemistry and Surface Reaction 土壤膠體化學(xué)和表面反應(yīng) Acidity/Alkalinity and Redox Reaction 土壤酸堿性和氧化還原反應(yīng) Nutrient Cycling 土壤養(yǎng)分元素循環(huán) 2 紅壤 Soilforming factors and its functions 土壤形成因素及其在土壤發(fā)生中的作用 Pedogenic processes 土壤形成過(guò)程 Soil development 土壤發(fā)育 Formation and Development 土壤形成和發(fā)育 3 In later nieenthcentury Russia, . Dokuchaev originally identified the principal soilforming factors as climate, biota, parent material, relief and landscape age. Soilforming factors土壤形成因素 Soilforming factors and its functions 土壤形成因素及其在土壤發(fā)生中的作用 又稱成土因素，是影響土壤形成和發(fā)育的基本因素，它是一種物質(zhì)、力、條件或關(guān)系或它們的組合，其已經(jīng)對(duì)土壤形成發(fā)生影響或?qū)⒂绊懲寥赖男纬伞? ?成土因素學(xué)說(shuō) 4 The influence of environment factors on soil formation was considered in a more systematic manner following the work of Jenny(1941). Soil =f (cl, o, r, p, t, (h)) climate 氣候 anisms 生物 relief 地形 parent material 母質(zhì) time 時(shí)間 human active 人為活動(dòng) Clorpt 函數(shù)式 5 ?成土因素學(xué)說(shuō)的基本原理 ?土壤是成土因素綜合作用的結(jié)果 ?成土因素具有同等重要性和不可替代性 ?成土因素的時(shí)空分異導(dǎo)致土壤演化持續(xù)進(jìn)行 The operation of pedogenic processesis controlled by a number of environmental factors operating through the medium of time and that these determine the type of soil produced in any particular location. The soilforming factors operate in bination. It is no tpossible to rank them in order of importance – they are all equally important, although within any one environment certain factors may have a more dominant influence on soil formation than others. 6 ?地帶性土壤 （ Zonalsoils） At the regional and global scale, climate and biota will have a dominant influence on soil formation, and soil types can be related in general terms to bioclimatic zones. The remaining factors will then account for variations in soil formation within a particular bioclimatic zone. Zonal soils: soil varied with latitude according to climatic and vegetation conditions. Intrazonal soils: soils were more closely associated with parent material or drainage conditions. Azonal soils: soils were poorly developed, duo mainly to lack of
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