【正文】 密級：內(nèi)部 三相 6/4 極開關 磁阻電 機轉矩特性分析與優(yōu)化設計 Analysis and Optimal Design of Torque Characteristics of Threephase 6/4 Pole Switch Reluctance Motor 學 院：電氣工程學院 專業(yè)班級：電氣 工程及其自動化 1003 班 學 號： 姓 名： 指導教師： 2022 年 6 月I 摘 要 近年來隨著電力電子技術和控制技術的發(fā)展，誕生了一種 新的特種電機 — 開關磁阻電機。該電機具有 結構簡單、調(diào)速性能優(yōu)良、成本低廉、可靠性高、起動轉矩大、效率高等優(yōu)點 。 因此 ， 被廣泛 應用于牽引傳動、通用工業(yè)、家用電器等眾多 領域 。 然而，由于 開關磁阻 電機的雙凸極結構 所 引起的磁路非線性和飽和效應 以及特殊的供電方式，與傳統(tǒng)的電機相比存在著振動和噪聲大的缺點 ，這 就 大大限制了開關磁阻電機向更多應用領域的 拓展 。 因此為了 得到 更好的 開關磁阻電機 的動靜態(tài)性能，如何 降低轉矩脈動 和 抑制噪聲 已經(jīng)成為 今后 開關磁阻電機 控制系統(tǒng)的研究重點。 首先 根據(jù)開關磁阻電機 的 運行機理， 以三相 6/4極 開關磁阻電機作為分析模型，利用 ANSOFT軟件 中的 Maxwell模塊 完成電機的建模 和分析 。 其次通過修改開關磁阻電機轉 子極弧 系數(shù) 以及在轉子表面開口的方法，改善電機的輸出轉矩特性。結合 MATLAB軟件分析修改轉子對平均轉矩和轉矩脈動的影響。 最后利用實驗室自行開發(fā)的多目標優(yōu)化軟件對平均轉矩和轉矩脈動進 行多次優(yōu)化，經(jīng)過比較后找到最佳解，得到平均轉矩提高、轉矩脈動下降的結果，達到優(yōu)化設計的最終目的。 關鍵詞：開關磁阻電機 ； 轉矩脈動 ； 平均轉矩；優(yōu)化設計 II Abstract In recent years, with the development of power electronic technology and control technology, a new motor called switch reluctance motor, which has so many advantages such as simple structure, excellent performance of speed adjustment, low cost, high reliability, and large starting torque, high efficiency was developed. Therefore, it was applied in many fields such as traction drive, general industrial, and household appliances etc. However, due to the double salient structure of switch reluctance motor which caused nonlinearity of the magic circuit and saturation effect as well as the special power supply pattern, pared with the traditional motor the vibration and noise is significant. This feature greatly limited the application of switch reluctance motor to more fields. Therefore, in order to achieve the better dynamic and static performance for the switch reluctance motor, how to reduce the torque ripple and noise has bee the hot spot of the future research of switch reluctance motor and its control system. Firstly, according to the operating mechanism of the switch reluctance motor, a threephase 6/4 pole switch reluctance motor is taken as the analysis model, the torque characteristics is analyzed by utilizing the ANSOFT Maxwell module. Secondly, in the optimization model, the rotor pole arc coefficient and subslot on the surface of rotor are taken as the design variables, the torque ripple and average torque are taken as two objective functions. The MATLAB software is applied to calculate the average torque and torque ripple from the Maxwell results. Finally, a multiobjective optimization algorithm which was developed by the laboratory is applied to find out the optimal solution. In order to determine the global optimal solution, the optimization procedure was carried out twice. From the results, the average torque and torque ripple characteristic were improved. Keywords： Switch reluctance motor。 torque ripple。 average torque。 optimal design I 目 錄 摘 要 .......................................................................................................................... I Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II 第 1 章 緒 論 ............................................................................................................... 1 課題背景及意義 ............................................................................................... 1 課題國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及趨勢 ........................................................................... 2 國內(nèi)發(fā)展趨勢 ....................................................................................... 2 國外發(fā)展趨勢 ...................................................................................... 3 課題主要研究內(nèi)容 ........................................................................................... 4 本章小結 ........................................................................................................... 4 第 2 章開關磁阻電機特點與設計方法 ....................................................................... 5 三相 6/4 極開關磁阻電機的結構與原理分析 ................................................ 6 三相 6/4 極開關磁阻電機的結構 ....................................................... 6 三相 6/4 極開關磁阻電機的運行原理 ............................................... 6 開關磁阻電機分析與設計方法 ....................................................................... 8 基于 Ansoft 的開關磁阻電機有限元分析介紹 ............................... 8 轉矩脈動、噪聲和振動產(chǎn)生的根源 ................................................. 9 采用的設計方法 ................................................................................. 9 本章小結 ......................................................................................................... 10 第 3 章 開關磁阻電機建模 ....................................................................................... 11 創(chuàng)建電機幾何模型 ......................................................................................... 11 創(chuàng)建項目 ............................................................................................ 11 建模過程 ............................................................................................ 12 材料定義及分配 ............................................................................................. 16 激勵源與邊界條件定義及 加載 ..................................................................... 18 運動選項設置 ................................................................................................. 20 求解選項參數(shù)設定 ........................................................................................ 21 磁力線與磁密云圖 ...............................................................