【正文】 2022 年 職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類 B 級(jí)真題 第 3 部分：概括大意與完成句子（第 23~30 題，每題 1 分，共 8 分） 下面的短文后有 2 項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（ 1）第 23~26 題要求從所給的 6 個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇 1 個(gè)小標(biāo)題；（ 2）第 27~30 題要求從所給的 6 個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。 Parkinson’s Disease 1 Parkinson39。s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson’s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to. 2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson39。s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited. 3 Tremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most mon signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. More importantly, not everyone with a tremor has Parkinson39。s disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson’s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson’s may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills (dementia). 4 At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson39。s disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results. 23． Paragraph 1 答案： E (definition of Parkinson’s disease) 24. Paragraph 2 答案： C（ Possible causes of the disease） 25. Paragraph 3 答案： B（ Typical symptoms of the disease） 26. Paragraph 4 答案： A（ mon treatment for the disease） A Common Treatment for the Disease B Typical Symptoms of the Disease C Possible Causes of the Disease D Means of Diagnosis of the Disease E Definition of Parkinson’s Disease F Tips for Patients with the Disease 27. You’ll find it hard to move the way you want to ___. D: if there isn’t enough dopamine(多巴胺 ) in your body. 28. A lot of research is being done to find out ___. A: what causes Parkinson’s disease 29. One of the most mon signs of Parkinson’s is tremor, ___. C: which may be the first symptom you notice. 30. A person with Parkinson’s has to learn to live with the disease, ____. F: which cannot be cured yet A what causes Parkinson’s disease B what affects muscles all through your body C which may be the first symptom you notice D if there isn’t enough dopamine in your body E if you have a fixed or blank expression F which cannot be cured yet 第 4 部分：閱讀理解（第 31~45 題，每題 3 分，共 45 分） 下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定 1 個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。 第一篇 Human Heart Can Make New Cells Solving a longstanding(為時(shí)甚久的 ) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心臟的 ) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age. The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack, experts say. We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes(心肌細(xì)胞 ), are renewed, said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Ins