【正文】 分類號 S828 學(xué)校代碼 10129 U D C 學(xué) 號 08202251 羊鼻蠅蛆病病理學(xué)及 鼻黏膜 免疫學(xué)研究 Research of Pathological and Immunology of Nasal mucosa on Oestrus ovis 申 請 人： 杜長春 學(xué)科門類： 農(nóng) 學(xué) 學(xué)科專業(yè)： 基礎(chǔ)獸醫(yī)學(xué) 研究方向 ： 動物傳染病與免疫病理學(xué) 指導(dǎo)教師： 王鳳龍 教授 論文提交日期：二〇 一一 年四 月 摘 要 通過對山西黃土高原區(qū)域羊鼻蠅蛆感染情況調(diào)查、病理學(xué)及鼻黏膜免疫學(xué)的研究，以明確該地區(qū)羊鼻蠅蛆的感染率、該病的病理學(xué)及 鼻 黏膜免疫學(xué)變化。從春季至秋季對羊鼻蠅蛆感染情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查，對 307例綿羊進(jìn)行羊頭剖檢，檢查羊鼻蠅蛆病的各齡幼蟲感染情況，同時觀察病理變化，并采取感染羊的鼻黏膜、咽后淋巴結(jié)、腦和肺組織進(jìn)行病理組織學(xué)檢查，采用 ELISA 檢測鼻腔分泌物 IgA、 IgG 含量 ，通過 流式細(xì)胞儀 對 鼻黏膜 、咽后淋巴結(jié)中 T淋巴細(xì)胞亞群進(jìn)行檢測。 春 季檢查 157例，鼻蠅蛆感染患羊 34 例，感染率達(dá) 22%；秋季檢查 150 例，感染患羊 70 例，感染率達(dá) 47%；春秋兩季平均感染率為 34%。 鼻蠅蛆感染綿羊鼻 黏膜出現(xiàn)不同損傷和增生性炎，咽后淋巴結(jié)炎性細(xì)胞浸潤，有的病例出現(xiàn)肺氣腫，腦組織水腫。 檢 出蟲體的羊與未檢出蟲體羊比較，咽后淋巴結(jié) IgA分泌細(xì)胞和 IgG分泌細(xì)胞呈增高趨勢，尤其是淋巴結(jié)髓質(zhì)中 IgA 分泌細(xì)胞和 IgG 分泌細(xì)胞明顯增多 ； 感 染綿羊鼻腔分泌物中 IgA、 IgG 水平顯著高于 未感染綿羊， 咽 后淋巴結(jié)、鼻黏膜 CD4+水平顯著性高于未感染綿羊， 鼻 黏膜CD8+水平較高于未感染綿羊，而咽后淋巴結(jié)中 CD8+水平二者無明顯差異， 咽 后淋巴結(jié)、鼻黏膜 CD4+/CD8+的比率顯著高于未感染綿羊。 關(guān)鍵詞： 羊鼻蠅蛆；流行病學(xué)；病理學(xué)； 鼻黏膜免疫學(xué) Research of Pathological and Immunology of Nasal mucosa on Oestrus ovis Abstract In order to make clear the area of sheep nasal flies maggots infection,the pathological changes and nasal mucosa immunology of the disease,we carried out an infection survey,pathology and nasal mucosa immunology study of Oestrus ovis in the loess plateau area in Shanxi province from spring to autumn. 307 samples were dissected to check the infection status of nasal flies maggots larvae, while histopathology methods were used to observe pathological changes. And then， we examined the sheep nasal mucosa、retropharyngeal lymph nodes、 brain and lung histologic. Then, the content of IgA and IgG in nasal chambers secretion were tested By ELISA, the T lymphocyte subsets were examined by using the flow cytomytor. 34 cases were detected in 157 sampled cases in spring， detection rate was 22%。 70 in 150 were detected in autumn detection rate was 47%。 the average infection rate was 34%. nasal mucosa appeared different injury and proliferative inflammation, retropharyngeal lymphadenitis cells were infiltrated, others appeared emphysema , brain tissue edema. Compared with no parasite detected cases, the quantity of IgA secretory cells and IgG secretory cells in parasites detected cases increased significantly,especially in lymph node medulla. IgA and IgG in nasal secretion from infected sheep were significantly higher than uninfected one. CD4+ in retropharyngeal lymph nodes and nasal mucosa of infected sheep was the highest. CD8+ as same as CD4+. CD8+ in retropharyngeal lymph nodes were no obvious difference in infected and uninfected sheep. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in retropharyngeal lymph nodes and nasal mucosa of infected sheep were higher. Key words: Oestrus ovis。Epidemiology。Pathology。Immunology of Nasal mucosa Directed by: Prof Wang Fonglong Applicant for Master degree: Du Changchun (veterinary pathology) (Animal Science and Animal Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, 010018, China) 目 錄 1 引言 ................................................................ 1 羊鼻蠅蛆 概述 .................................................... 1 病原體及形態(tài)學(xué) ................................................ 1 流行病學(xué) ...................................................... 1 發(fā)育生物學(xué) .................................................... 2 免疫學(xué)診斷 .................................................... 4 病理學(xué) ........................................................ 4 危害及臨床癥狀 ................................................ 4 羊鼻蠅蛆病的防治 .............................................. 5 鼻腔免疫部分 .................................................... 6 鼻腔組織學(xué)特點(diǎn) ................................................ 6 鼻腔的免疫功能 ................................................ 6 鼻相關(guān)淋巴組織 ................................................ 7 鼻腔免疫研究進(jìn)展 .............................................. 7 本課題研究的目的和意義 .......................................... 9 2 實驗研究 ............................................................ 9 實驗一 山西黃土高原地區(qū)羊鼻蠅蛆病流行病學(xué)調(diào)查及病理組織學(xué)觀察 ... 9 材料 .......................................................... 9 方法 ......................................................... 11 實驗結(jié)果 ..................................................... 13 討論 ......................................................... 18 實驗二 羊鼻蠅蛆病鼻黏膜免疫應(yīng)答研究 ............................ 20 材料 ......................................................... 20 方法 ......................................................... 22 實驗結(jié)果 ..................................................... 25 討論 ......................................................... 33 3 結(jié)論 ............................................................... 35 致 謝 .............................................................. 36 參 考 文 獻(xiàn) ........................................................ 37 作 者 簡 介 ........................................................ 44 縮 略 語 表 ADCC （ antibodydependent cellmediated cytotoxicity抗體依賴的細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)的細(xì)胞毒性作用 APC（ antigen present cell） 抗原提呈細(xì)胞 ASC（ antibdy secretory cells） 抗體分泌細(xì)胞 CD4（ helpercell） 輔助性 T細(xì)胞 CD8（ SUPPRESSOR T cell） 抑制 /殺傷 T淋巴細(xì)胞 DC（ dendritic cell）