【正文】 Roland Berger amp。 Partners Ltd. – International Management Consultants Barcelona – Beijing – Berlin – Brussels – Bucharest – Budapest – Buenos Aires – Delhi – Detroit – D252。sseldorf – Frankfurt – Hamburg Helsinki – Hong Kong – Kiev – Kuala Lumpur – Lisbon – London – Madrid – Milan – Moscow – Munich – New York – Paris Prague – Riga – Rome – S227。o Paulo – Shanghai – Stockholm – Stuttgart – Tel Aviv – Tokyo – Vienna – Zurich Sector Sketch and SWOT Analysis of the Dutch Oil Sector – Final Presentation – Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs Oil Division The Hague, 3rd February 1999 ： ； :； ： 2 A conflict appears to be emerging between the traditional Dutch economic strengths and more recent environmental concerns Dutch economic prosperity Oil industry focussed on exports Founded on trading Motor of Rotterdam trading strength Dutch environment Legitimate environmental concerns High population density lowlying vulnerable to Global warming ? Global warming ? Congestion ? Noise Export industry must be internationally petitive to survive Tough environmental stance Conflict 3 Contents Page A. Extracts from Sector Sketch B. Feedback from oil and chemical pany interviews C. SWOT Analysis . Strengths . Weaknesses . Opportunities . Threats D. Remendations 4 7 11 12 17 23 26 31 4 A. Extracts from Sector Sketch ： ； :； ： 5 The Dutch oil industry has traditionally been strong and internationally orientated Refining and Chemicals Trading Ports ? Only 15% of total oil supply destined for home market ? Accounts for 9% of EU refining capacity ? Key synergies with and supply to Dutch chemicals industry ? Benelux chemical cluster is second largest in Europe ? Rotterdam ‘world’s leading port’ for 30 years ? Road, rail, inland waterway and pipeline connections to many major markets ? Major oil trading market in the EU time zone and one of the big 3 globally (Rotterdam, Houston, Singapore) 6 Each sector in the oil industry faces important issues affecting its petitive position Oil refining ? Increasing costs of environmental pliance ? Mergers/alliances change the petitive scene ? Overcapacity and low returns Storage ? Supports the international business ? Fosters independent traders ? Overcapacity and low returns Trading ? Strong role of refining panies ? Dependent on critical mass of Rotterdam market Bunkering ? Important fuel oil outlet for refiners ? Refiners being dominant Pipelines ? Pipelines and waterways key to Rotterdam logistical advantage ? Dominated by private or consortium owned pipelines Chemicals ? Important synergies with oil sector ? Sector entering downturn ? Longterm growth potential 7 B. Feedback from oil and chemical pany interviews 8 Environmental and cleanup regulations were central to views expressed by most interviewees Role of the Netherlands Decision making bodies Land release Current situation Industry viewpoint Alternative approach Goes ahead of peting countries on environmental issues This undermines petitive position of oil and chemical industries Lead by influencing EU consensus rather than by example Significant regional and national variation on environmental regulations Competition to be greener Variation prevents the existence of a ‘level playing field’ Place environmental decision making and implementation in the hands of one body Cleanup costs are a formidable exit barrier Land can be released