材料科學(xué)與工程_專業(yè)英語_unit_2_classification_of_materials譯文(已修改)
2024-12-19 21:00 本頁面
【正文】 Solid materials have been conveniently grouped into three basic classifications: metals, ceramics, and polymers. This scheme is based primarily on chemical makeup and atomic structure, and most materials fall into one distinct grouping or another, although there are some intermediates. In addition, there are three other groups of important engineering materials — posites, semiconductors, and biomaterials. 譯文：固體材料被便利的分為三個基本的類型：金屬，陶瓷和聚合物。這個分類是首先基于化學(xué)組成和原子結(jié)構(gòu)來分的，大多數(shù)材料落在明顯的一個類別里面，盡管有許多中間品。除此之外， 有三類其他重要的工程材料－復(fù)合材料 ，半導(dǎo)體材料和生物材料。 Composites consist of binations of two or more different materials, whereas semiconductors are utilized because of their unusual electrical characteristics。 biomaterials are implanted into the human body. A brief explanation of the material types and representative characteristics is offered next. 譯文：復(fù)合材料由兩種或者兩種以上不同的材料組成，然而半導(dǎo)體由于它們非同尋常的電學(xué)性質(zhì)而得到使用；生物材料被移植進(jìn)入人類的身體中。關(guān)于材料類型和他們特殊的特征的一個簡單的解釋將在后面給出。 METALS Metallic materials are normally binations of metallic elements. They have large numbers of nonlocalized electrons。 that is, these electrons are not bound to particular atoms. Many properties of metals are directly able to these electrons. be bound to 被約束于。 be attribute to 歸屬于。歸因于。 譯文：金屬材料通常由金屬元素組成。它們有大量無規(guī)則運動的電子。也就是說，這些電子不是被約束于某個特定的原子。金屬的許多性質(zhì)直 接歸屬這些不規(guī)則運動的電子。 Metals are extremely good conductors of electricity and heat and are not transparent to visible light。 a polished metal surface has a lustrous appearance. Furthermore, metals are quite strong, yet deformable, which accounts for their extensive use in structural applications. 科技英語在講述科學(xué)真理的時候通常用主動語態(tài)。如： Metals are extremely good conductors of electricity Deformable ？ 譯文：金屬是十分好的電和熱的導(dǎo)體，它們對可見光不透明；一個拋光的金屬表面有光輝的外表。除此之外，金屬是十分硬的，也是可變形的，這個性質(zhì)解釋了它們廣泛使用在結(jié)構(gòu)方面的應(yīng)用。 CERAMICS Ceramics are pounds between metallic and nonmetallic elements。 they are most frequently oxides, nitrides, and carbides. The wide range of materials that falls within this classification inclu
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