【正文】 I 摘 要 隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展，路燈照明系統(tǒng)成了保證交通通行順暢的必要條件。國內(nèi)路燈大多采用定時控制系統(tǒng)，不能保證在白天環(huán)境改變的條件下道路上有足夠的光照來保證交通的順利通行；當(dāng)夜晚來臨時，交通車流量低谷時期路燈也會一直開著 ,浪費(fèi)能源。 智能路燈系統(tǒng) 的產(chǎn)生彌補(bǔ)了之前的不足。 本設(shè)計是基于 MCS51系列單片機(jī) STC12C5A60S2和光電檢測及其時鐘電路設(shè)計的智能路燈控制系統(tǒng)，可以通過按鍵設(shè)置手動與自動的模式。自動模式下將一年分為三個時間段來設(shè)置早晚路燈的亮滅時間，并在其基礎(chǔ)上通過光敏電阻對道路光照度強(qiáng)弱的檢測控 制路燈的亮滅；夜晚時，還增加了傳感器檢測車流量來控制路燈狀態(tài)的功能。 手動模式下可以人為分段控制路燈的亮滅，不同的路段對應(yīng)不同的按鍵。 本設(shè)計具有操作簡單、硬件部分穩(wěn)定等特點(diǎn)，在道路照明正常進(jìn)行的條件下，還節(jié)約了能源，是未來照明系統(tǒng)的首選，有很好的推廣價值。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 單片機(jī)；路燈；光敏電阻；照度 II Abstract With the development of economy, street lighting system has bee a necessary condition to ensure smooth traffic. The street lamp adopts timing control system, it cannot be guaranteed under the changing conditions of the environment on the road during the day. There is enough light to ensure the smooth passage of traffic. When the night es, the traffic flow trough lights are always on, wasting energy. Intelligent street lighting systems make up less than before. The design of intelligent lighting control system is based on MCS51 MCU STC12C5A60S2 and photoelectric detection and clock circuit, it can be set to manual and automatic mode by pressing a button. Automatic mode for one year is divided into three time periods to set up street lamps lit the fight time, sooner or later, and adopted on the basis of photosensitive resistance to road illumination intensity control of street lamp light ceases. During the night, it also increased the detection of traffic flow sensor to control the lamp state function. Manual mode can be manually segmented control the bright lights out, keys corresponding to different sections. Designed for simple operation and hardware features such as stability, under normal conditions of road lighting also saves energy, is the first lighting system in the future, a very good promotional value. Key words: SCM。 streetlight。 photosensitive resistance。 intensity of illumination III 目 錄 緒 論 .................................................................................................................................. 1 1 智能路燈控制系統(tǒng)概述 .............................................................................................. 2 國內(nèi)外路燈控制技術(shù) ....................................................................................... 2 國外路燈現(xiàn)狀 ........................................................................................ 2 國內(nèi)路燈現(xiàn)狀 ........................................................................................ 2 課題研究的目的及意義 ................................................................................... 3 2 系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計 ...................................................................................................... 6 智能路燈節(jié)能控制系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)思 ....................................................................... 6 傳統(tǒng)節(jié)能方法 ........................................................................................ 6 智能控制的節(jié)能方法 ............................................................................ 6 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計方案 ........................................................................................... 7 系統(tǒng)原理簡介 ........................................................................................ 7 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計方案 ........................................................................................ 8 系統(tǒng)框圖 ......................................................................................................... 10 3 硬件部分設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................ 11 STC12C5A60S2 單片機(jī) ................................................................................. 11 光照檢測電路的設(shè)計 ..................................................................................... 15 紅外光電傳感器檢測電路的設(shè)計 ................................................................. 16 外部時鐘電路設(shè)計 ......................................................................................... 16 控制路燈亮滅電路設(shè)計 ................................................................................. 17 顯示電路的設(shè)計 ............................................................................................. 17 LCD1602 主要技術(shù)參數(shù) ..................................................................... 18 LCD1602 顯示原理 ............................................................................. 18 按鍵部分電路設(shè)計 ......................................................................................... 19 串口轉(zhuǎn)并口電路的設(shè)計 ................................................................................. 19 電源電路的設(shè)計 ............................................................................................. 20 4 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................ 21 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 ................................................................................................. 21 IV 系統(tǒng)主程序 ..................................................................................................... 21 定時時間子程序 ............................................................................................. 23 鍵盤掃描子程序 ............................................................................................. 24 顯示 子程序 ..................................................................................................... 26 中斷服務(wù)子程序 ............................................................................................. 27 5 綜合調(diào)試 .................................................................................................................... 29 硬件電路制作與調(diào)試 ..................................................................................... 29 系統(tǒng)軟件調(diào)試 ................................................................................................. 29 結(jié) 論 .............................................................................................................