【正文】 摘 要 I 摘 要 本文設(shè)計了一個太陽能熱水器智能控制系統(tǒng)。它以 89C52 單片機(jī)為核心，配合電阻型 4 檔水位傳感器、負(fù)溫度系數(shù) NTC 熱敏電阻溫度傳感器、 8255A 擴(kuò)展鍵盤和顯示器件 、驅(qū)動電路（電磁閥、電加熱、報警）等外圍器件， 完成對太陽能熱水器容器內(nèi)的水位、水溫測量、顯示；時間顯示；缺水時自動上水，水溢報警；手動上水、參數(shù)設(shè)置；定時水溫過低智能電加熱等功能。 其中本文第一章主要說明了太陽能熱水器智能控制系統(tǒng)的研究現(xiàn)狀和本課題的主要任務(wù)，第二章對系統(tǒng)的整體結(jié)構(gòu)作了簡單介紹，第三章重點介紹了水位水溫測量電路，第四章介 紹了時鐘電路，第五章介紹了顯示和鍵盤電路，第六章對其他電路作了介紹，第七章是對水位測量電路的硬件調(diào)試。 本系統(tǒng)對于水位傳感器、水溫傳感器的電阻數(shù)據(jù)的處理均采用獨特的 RC 充放電的方法。它與使用 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換器相比，電路簡單、制造成本低。特別適用于對水位、水溫要求不精確的場合。 關(guān)鍵詞 ：太陽能，熱水器，控制器， 89C52， RC 充放電 英文摘要 II Abstract This article has designed a intelligence control system for solarpowered water heater. It take the 89C52 microcontroller integrated circuit as the core, the coordinate 4 grades of waters level resistance sensor, the negative temperature coefficient NTC thermistor temperature sensor,the 8255A expansion keyboard and the demonstration ponent, the actuate circuit (solenoid valve, electric heating, warning) and other periphery ponent, pletes to the water level and temperature measure and demonstrate。 the time demonstrate。 lack of water automatically upstream, the water overflow warn。 fixed time intelligencely electric heat. The first chapter of this article mainly explained the research situation of the solarpowered water heater intelligence control system and the primary mission of this topic. The second chapter has made the simple introduction to the overall construction of the system .The third chapter introduced with emphasis on the water level and water temperature metering fourth chapter introduced the clock circuit .The fifth chapter introduced the demonstration and the keyboard circuit,.The sixth chapter has made the introduction to other circuits. The seventh chapter is the hardware debugging of the water level measuring circuit. Regarding the process of the water level sensor and water temperature sensor resistance data this system uses the method of the unique RC electric sufficient and discharging. Compared to using the A/D converter, the electric circuit is simple, the production cost is low. Specially it is suitable for the water level and the water temperature measuring requested unprecise situation. Key word: Solar energy, water heater, controller, 89C52, RC electric sufficient and discharge 目 錄 III 目 錄 摘 要 ........................................................................................................................... I Abstract ...................................................................................................................... II 目 錄 ....................................................................................................................... III 第一章 引 言 .............................................................................................................1 課題的背景意義 ............................................................................................1 太陽能熱水器和其控制器的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ........................................................1 課題的研究內(nèi)容 ............................................................................................3 第二章 太陽能熱水器智能水位控制系統(tǒng)整體結(jié)構(gòu)介紹 .........................................4 第三章 水位和水溫測量電路硬件設(shè)計 .....................................................................5 水位測量電路 ................................................................................................5 方案比較選擇 .....................................................................................5 水位測量電路的具體設(shè)計及優(yōu)化 .....................................................8 水溫測量電路 ..............................................................................................15 方案比較選擇 ...................................................................................15 水溫測量電路的設(shè)計及溫度計算方法 ...........................................16 水位、水溫測量電路的整體設(shè)計 ..............................................................20 第四章 顯示電路 .......................................................................................................21 方案選擇 ......................................................................................................21 8255A 芯片介紹 ................................................................................21 8255A 在太陽能熱水器控制電路中的作用 ..................................24 顯示電路工作原理 ......................................................................................25 8255A 顯示電路的硬件結(jié)構(gòu)。 ........................................................25 8255A 實現(xiàn)顯示方法 ........................................................................27 目 錄 IV 第五章 其他硬件電路設(shè)計 .......................................................................................29 上水電磁閥、電加熱、報警等驅(qū)動電路 ..................................................29 上水控制電路 ...................................................................................29 電加熱控制電路 ...............................................................................30 報警控制電路 ...................................................................................30 水位顯示電路 ...................................................................................30 電源電路 ......................................................................................................30 參考文獻(xiàn) .....................................................................................................................32 致 謝 .........................................................................................................................33 附 錄 .........................................................................................................................34 第一章 引 言 1 第一章 引 言 課題的背景意義 隨著太陽能熱水器的迅速推廣，廣大消費者對太陽能熱