【正文】 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） I 摘 要 現(xiàn)在各大中城市出租車行業(yè)都已普及自動計價器，所以計價器技術(shù)的發(fā)展已成定局。而部分小城市尚未普及，但隨著城市建設(shè)加快，象征著城市面貌的出租車行業(yè)也將加速發(fā)展，計價器的普及也是毫無疑問的，所以未來汽車計價器的市場還是十分有潛力的。本系統(tǒng) 以 STC89C54 單片機為核心， 用電機模擬車輪運轉(zhuǎn)， A04E 霍爾傳感器測 電機 轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)。文章詳細(xì)介紹了 出租車計價器 的硬件電路和軟件設(shè)計。硬件部分利用霍爾元件將 電機 每轉(zhuǎn) 一 圈的脈沖數(shù)傳入單片機系統(tǒng)，然后單片機系統(tǒng)將信號經(jīng)過處理送顯示。軟件部分用 C 語言進行編程，采用模塊化設(shè)計思想。 該系統(tǒng) 實現(xiàn) 了 對 出租車?yán)锍痰臏y量統(tǒng)計，并能將 出租車 的里程數(shù) 、候時時間、時距并計總價 用 LCD 實時顯示。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 里程 ， 霍爾元件 ， LCD 顯示 ，時距并計 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） II Abstract It is the major cities in the taxi industry has universal automatic meter now， and meter technology development is a foregone conclusion. And some small cities not yet universal, but with increasing speed up urban construction, a symbol of taxi industry will also accelerate development, and the popularity meter is no doubt, therefore, the future of the automobile market valuation is still potential. By STC89C54 as kernel, electric motor imitating wheel revolving, using A04E Hall element to measure revolution, the measure and statistic are achieved. In this article, the hardware circuit and software design of taximeter are introduced in detail. About the hardware, the pulse number is transmitted of one cycle of the electric motor into Single Chip Microputer system. Then the signal processed by Single Chip Microputer system is sent to display scream. About the software, in C language, the program is designed in the mode of modules. The system has realized the taxi mileage waiting time and total price of time and mileage counting together can be displayed on LCD. Keywords: Mileage,Hall element,LCD,Time and mileage counting together 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） III 目 錄 第一章 緒論 ......................................................................................................................... 1 課題背景 ...................................................................................................................... 1 課題的主要任務(wù)及內(nèi)容 .............................................................................................. 2 第二章 出租車計價器系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計 ......................................................................... 4 任務(wù)分析與實現(xiàn) ......................................................................................................... 4 出租車計價器系統(tǒng)硬件方案設(shè)計 ............................................................................. 4 里程測量傳感器的設(shè)計 ...................................................................................... 5 方案的確定 .......................................................................................................... 6 出租車計價器系統(tǒng)軟件方案設(shè)計 ............................................................................. 7 第三 章 出租車計價器系統(tǒng)硬件電路設(shè)計 ......................................................................... 9 概述 ............................................................................................................................. 9 傳感器及其測量系統(tǒng) ................................................................................................. 9 霍爾傳感器的測量原理 .................................................................................... 10 集成開關(guān)型霍爾傳感器 .................................................................................... 10 單片機的原理及應(yīng)用 ............................................................................................... 12 單片機原理簡介 ................................................................................................ 12 單片機的引腳功能介紹 .................................................................................... 13 單片機中斷系統(tǒng)介紹 ........................................................................................ 16 單片機定時 /計數(shù)功能介紹 ............................................................................... 18 單片機外圍電路的設(shè)計 ........................................................................................... 19 時鐘電路的設(shè)計 ................................................................................................ 19 復(fù)位電路的設(shè)計 ................................................................................................ 20 顯示電路的設(shè)計 ................................................................................................ 22 第四章 出租車計價器系統(tǒng)軟件程序設(shè)計 ....................................................................... 25 概述 ........................................................................................................................... 25 出租車計 價器系統(tǒng) 總體程序設(shè)計 ........................................................................... 25 中斷子程序的設(shè)計 ................................................................................................... 26 數(shù)據(jù)處理子程序的設(shè)計 ........................................................................................... 27 第五章 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試與分析 ................................................................................................... 29 硬件電路的搭建 ....................................................................................................... 29 調(diào)試故障及原因分析 ............................................................................................... 29 調(diào)試結(jié)果 ................................................................................................................... 29 候時顯示 ............................................................................................................ 29 里程顯示 ............................................................................................................ 30 停車總價顯示 .................................................................................................... 31 第六章 社會經(jīng)濟效益分析 ............................................................................................... 32 結(jié)束語 ................................................................................................................................. 33 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） IV 致 謝 ..................................................................................................