【正文】 河 南 科 技 大 學(xué) 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì)（論 文） 洛陽(yáng)市住宅區(qū) 植物的群落結(jié)構(gòu)與多樣性分析 姓 名 院 （系） 林 學(xué) 院 專 業(yè) 園 林 指導(dǎo)教師 2021 年 5 月 25 日 摘 要 采用抽樣調(diào)查法和實(shí)地走訪，在洛陽(yáng)市 3 個(gè)轄區(qū)選取了 8 個(gè)居住區(qū)作為樣點(diǎn)，對(duì)洛陽(yáng)市住宅區(qū)植物群落結(jié)構(gòu)及物種多樣性進(jìn)行了調(diào)查分析。其中澗西區(qū)選取了 3個(gè)樣點(diǎn)，即中泰世紀(jì)花城、世紀(jì)華陽(yáng)和南山洛軸生活區(qū)；西工區(qū) 2 個(gè)樣點(diǎn)分別是盛世唐莊和上陽(yáng)路社區(qū)； 洛龍區(qū)選取的 3 個(gè)樣點(diǎn)為河南科技大學(xué)家屬院德園、洛陽(yáng)理工家屬院綠園和山水富地。結(jié)果表明：洛陽(yáng)市住宅小區(qū)整體來(lái)說(shuō)，植物物種豐富， 有 42 科， 121 屬， 203 種， 配置合理，景觀效果較佳。 辛普森指數(shù)平均大于 ，香農(nóng) 維納爾指數(shù)平均大于 ；物種多樣性較豐富，植物群落結(jié)構(gòu)較為完整，生長(zhǎng)型譜較合理。但也存在一些問(wèn)題，比如彩色葉樹(shù)種種類較為豐富，但是應(yīng)用數(shù)量相對(duì)較少；而且陽(yáng)性灌木因受上層喬木遮蔭而出現(xiàn)生長(zhǎng)狀況稍差。 本研究分析 了 綠化植物的種類、數(shù)量、應(yīng)用頻率、植物物種豐富度等，從而為洛陽(yáng)市的住宅區(qū)綠化建設(shè)提供科學(xué)參考 和 理論依據(jù) 。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 洛陽(yáng)市； 住宅區(qū) ； 群落結(jié)構(gòu)； 多樣性分析； 植物配置 ANALYSIS OF THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND SPECIES DIVERSITY OF RESIDENTIAL AREAS OF LUOYANGCITY ABSTRACT A sample survey and site visits, and Luoyang City in 3 districts has been selected as a 8 as a residential area of Luoyang City, residential area wetland structure and species diversity in the analysis of the survey. Western District of stream has been selected as a 3 point, . the flower city, century century Hua Yang and Nanshan district shaft life。 the work area as a 2 point difference is on Broadway Tang Chong Yang Road and Los dragons area munities, selected 3 as a point of Henan University of Science and Technology family homes, Garden homes, and Luoyang Polytechnic families rich green garden and landscape. Results showed that: Luoyang city residential areas as a whole, plant species rich, 42, 121, 203, and is properly configured, a better visual impact. Simpson39。s Index Average greater than d, the Shannon Index, an average of greater than 。 species diversity, rich wetland is plete, the growth in production is more reasonable. But there are also a number of problems, such as color, species richness is the number of applications, but there are relatively few shrubs。 and positive trees shade the upper layer of the growth conditions. This study analyzed the types of green plants, the quantity, frequency, and plant species richness, and thus to the Luoyang city residential green building provides scientific information and theory. KEY WORDS: Luoyang City。 Residential。 Community structure。 Diversity analysis。 Plant configuration 目 錄 摘 要 ABSTRACT 1 前言 ......................................................... 1 住宅區(qū)植物綠化的必要性 ........................................................................................ 1 國(guó)內(nèi)同類調(diào)查概況 .................................................................................................... 1 本調(diào)查的目的和意義 ................................................................................................ 3 2 調(diào)查方法 ...................................................... 3 研究區(qū)概況 ................................................................................................................ 3 植物種類調(diào)查方法 ................................................................................................... 4 植物應(yīng)用頻率的計(jì)算方法 ....................................................................................... 4 植物資源豐富度調(diào)查和分析方法 ........................................................................... 4 3 研究結(jié)果 ...................................................... 5 3． 1 群落結(jié)構(gòu)分析 .......................................................................................................... 5 3． 1． 1 植物種類統(tǒng)計(jì) .................................................................................................... 5 住宅區(qū)綠化植物應(yīng)用頻率分析 ........................................................................... 7 住宅區(qū)植物物種豐富度及多樣性 .......................................................................... 10 物種豐富度 (Sp)................................................................................................. 10 多樣性指數(shù) (D 和 H)........................................................................................... 11 住宅區(qū)群落物種組成分析 ..................................................................................... 11 生長(zhǎng)型分析 ......................................................................................................... 11 觀賞性分析 ......................................................................................................... 12 3. 4 實(shí)例分析 ............................................................................................................... 13 . 1 公共綠地植物配置實(shí)例 .................................................................................... 13 3. 4. 2 宅旁綠地植物配置實(shí)例 ................................................................................. 13 3. 4. 3 道路綠化植物配置實(shí)例 .................................................................................. 13 4 比較與建議 ................................................... 14 洛陽(yáng)市 8 個(gè)住宅區(qū)植物物種總數(shù)比較 ................................................................. 14 對(duì)洛陽(yáng)市住宅區(qū)的建議 ......................................................................................... 15 洛陽(yáng)市住宅區(qū)植物群落結(jié)構(gòu)及物種多樣性分析 2 參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................... 16 附錄 1......................................................... 18 致 謝