【正文】 煙臺(tái)南山學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 太陽(yáng)能 LED交通警示板設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 本設(shè)計(jì)采用軟硬件結(jié)合的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)，硬件電路主要包括：充電電路（帶充電保護(hù)功能）、放電保護(hù)電路、傳感電路、計(jì)數(shù)與顯示電路、穩(wěn)壓電路、 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換電路、太陽(yáng)能光伏板自動(dòng)跟蹤控制系統(tǒng)七個(gè)模塊。 AT89S52 單片機(jī)是整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的核心部件，通過(guò)軟件控制多個(gè)硬件電路的執(zhí)行。在編程時(shí)根據(jù)模塊化的設(shè)計(jì)思路，采用 C51 語(yǔ)言來(lái)編寫程序，主要包括：晝夜的判斷、白天時(shí)通過(guò)車輛的計(jì)數(shù)并用 LED 動(dòng)態(tài)顯示、夜間警示 LED 閃爍、防瞬時(shí)光照、控制電機(jī)跟蹤、恢復(fù)電機(jī)到初始位置等模塊。 設(shè)計(jì)中實(shí)現(xiàn)了白天計(jì)數(shù)，晚上 閃爍，在光控開(kāi)關(guān)控制下，白天開(kāi)啟、晚上關(guān)閉的功能，以及防閃電、車燈干擾的功能，并加有過(guò)充 、 過(guò)放保護(hù)裝置。除上述發(fā)揮部分外，又新增兩個(gè)功能： 將太陽(yáng)能光伏板安裝在電機(jī)上，白 天時(shí)通過(guò)控制電機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)跟蹤太陽(yáng)，充分利用太陽(yáng)能，對(duì)電池進(jìn)行充電； 黑夜到來(lái)時(shí)，將電機(jī)復(fù)位到初始狀態(tài)，第二天 重 新對(duì)太陽(yáng)進(jìn)行跟蹤。 關(guān)鍵字 ： 充電 ， 保護(hù) ， 單片機(jī) ， 計(jì)數(shù)顯示 The LED Solar Traffic Warning Board Design Abstract This design uses the way realization which the software and hardware unifies, the hardware electric circuit mainly includes: The charging circuit (belt charge protection function), the electric discharge protection circuit, the sensing circuit, the counting and the display circuit, the voltagestabilizer circuit, the A/D switching circuit, the solar energy light bend down the board automatic following control system seven modules. The AT89S52 monolithic integrated circuit is the overall system core part, controls many hardware electric circuit through the software the execution. When programming acts according to modular the design mentality, uses the C51 language to pile the procedure, mainly includes: When diurnal judgment, daytime through the vehicles counting and with the LED dynamic demonstration, at night police shows the LED twinkle, guards against the instantaneous illumination, the control electrical machinery track, restores the electrical machinery to modules and so on initial point. In the design realized the daytime to count, evening glittered, controlled under the switch control in the light, daytime opened the function which, the evening closed, as well as guarded against the function which the lightning, the headlight disturbed, and Canada had has imitated has put the protective device. Besides above display part, also increases two functions: Bends down the board the solar energy light to install on the electrical machinery, when daytime tracks the sun through control electrical machinery revolving, uses the solar energy fully, carries on the charge to the battery； When dark night arrivals, repositions the electrical machinery to the original state, second days carry on the track again to the sun. Key words: Charge， Protection， Monolithic integrated circuit 目 錄 第 1 章 緒 論 ................................................................................................................ 1 設(shè)計(jì)的目的和意義 .................................................................................................. 1 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)與要求 ...................................................................................................... 1 第 2 章 方案設(shè)計(jì)選擇 .................................................................................................. 2 第 3 章 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................... 4 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................... 4 充電電路（帶充電保護(hù)功能） ........................................................................... 4 放電保護(hù)電路 ....................................................................................................... 5 傳感電路 ............................................................................................................... 6 計(jì)數(shù)、顯示電路 ................................................................................................... 7 穩(wěn)壓電路 ............................................................................................................... 8 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換電路 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….9 太陽(yáng)能光伏板自動(dòng)跟蹤控制系統(tǒng) ..................................................................... 10 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................ 12 晝夜判別 ............................................................................................................. 12 白天時(shí)段流程圖 ................................................................................................. 13 黑夜時(shí)段流程圖 ................................................................................................. 15 第 4 章 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 ........................................................................................................ 17 充電電路部分 ........................................................................................................ 17 放電保護(hù)電路部分 ................................................................................................ 17 計(jì)數(shù)、顯示電路 .................................................................................................... 17 穩(wěn)壓電路 ................................................................................................................ 17 太陽(yáng)能光伏板自動(dòng)跟蹤控制系統(tǒng) ........................................................................ 17 總系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行調(diào)試 .................................................................................................... 18 結(jié) 論 ............................................................................................................................ 19 致 謝 ............................................................................................................................ 20 參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................................................................................... 21 附錄 A 具體程序 .......................................................................................................... 22 附錄 B 總原理圖 .......................................................................................................... 29 煙臺(tái)南山學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 第 1 頁(yè) 第 1 章 緒 論 設(shè)計(jì)的目的和意義 太陽(yáng)能 LED 交通警示板具有不用電、節(jié)能、快閃等