【正文】 安徽工程大學(xué)機(jī)電學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） I 摘 要 潮流計(jì)算是電力系統(tǒng)的一項(xiàng)重要分析功能，是進(jìn)行故障計(jì)算，繼電保護(hù)整定，安全分析的必要工具。是對(duì)復(fù)雜電力系統(tǒng)正常和故障條件下穩(wěn)態(tài)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的計(jì)算。電力系統(tǒng)潮流計(jì)算的結(jié)果是電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定計(jì)算和故障分析的基礎(chǔ)。潮流計(jì)算是電力系統(tǒng)的各種計(jì)算的基礎(chǔ)，同時(shí)它又是研究電力系統(tǒng)的一項(xiàng)重要分析功能，在電力系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)和現(xiàn)有電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行方式的研究中，都需要利用電力系統(tǒng)潮流計(jì)算來(lái)定量的比較供電方案和現(xiàn)有電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行方式的合理性，可靠性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性。實(shí)際電力系統(tǒng)的潮流技術(shù)那主要采用牛頓 拉夫遜法。 傳統(tǒng)的潮流計(jì)算程序缺乏圖形用 戶界面，結(jié)果顯示不直觀，難于與其他分析功能集成。網(wǎng)絡(luò)原始數(shù)據(jù)輸入工作量大且易于出錯(cuò)。隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展， MICROSOFT WINDOWS 操作系統(tǒng)早已被大家所熟悉，其友好的圖形用戶界面已成為 PC 機(jī)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而 DOS 操作系統(tǒng)下的應(yīng)用程序因其界面不夠友好，開(kāi)發(fā)具有 WINDOWS 風(fēng)格界面的電力系統(tǒng)分析軟件已成為當(dāng)前的主流趨勢(shì)。另外，傳統(tǒng)的程序設(shè)計(jì)方法是結(jié)構(gòu)化程序設(shè)計(jì)方法，該方法基于功能分解，把整個(gè)軟件工程看作是一個(gè)個(gè)對(duì)象的組合，由于對(duì)某個(gè)特定問(wèn)題域來(lái)說(shuō)，該對(duì)象組成基本不變，因此，這種基于對(duì)象分解方法設(shè)計(jì)的軟件 結(jié)構(gòu)上比較穩(wěn)定，易于維護(hù)和擴(kuò)充。 本文介紹了圖形化潮流計(jì)算軟件的開(kāi)發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)思想和總體結(jié)構(gòu)，闡述了該軟件所具備的功能和特點(diǎn)。結(jié)合電力系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)，軟件采用 MATLAB 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)行于 WINDOWS 操作系統(tǒng)的圖形化潮流計(jì)算軟件。本系統(tǒng)的主要特點(diǎn)是操作簡(jiǎn)單，圖形界面直觀，運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定 。 計(jì)算準(zhǔn)確。計(jì)算中，算法做了一些改進(jìn)，提高了計(jì)算速度，各個(gè)類(lèi)的有效封裝又使程序具有很好的模塊性 。 可維護(hù)性和可重用性。 關(guān)鍵詞 ：電力系統(tǒng)潮流計(jì)算； 牛頓 —拉夫遜法潮流計(jì)算 ； MATLAB 基于 MATLAB 的電力系統(tǒng)潮流計(jì)算 II Abstract Power flow calculation is an important function of the electric power system is analyzed, fault calculation, relay protection, safety analysis tools necessary. Is the calculation of the steady state operation of normal and fault conditions of plex power system under the. The results of power flow calculation is the basis of putation and fault analysis of power system stability. Power flow calculation is the basis of all kinds of power system calculation, and it is also an important function of power system analysis, the research on the operating mode of power system planning and design of the existing power system, need to use power flow calculation to quantitative parison of the rationality of power supply scheme and operation mode of the existing power system, reliability and economy. The actual power flow technology that mainly uses the NewtonRaphson method. The traditional flow calculation program lacks a graphical user interface, the display is not intuitive, it is difficult to integrate with other analysis function. The work input data and heavy workload and error prone. With the rapid development of puter technology, Microsoft windows operating system has long been familiar, its friendly graphical user interface has bee PC standard, and the application of the DOS operating system because of its interface is not friendly enough, the power system analysis software development with windows style interface has bee the main trend. In addition, the traditional design method is a structured program design method, this method is based on the function deposition, the software engineering as a bination of objects, due to a particular problem domain, the position of the object is essentially the same, therefore, based on the software structure of the object deposition method on the design of stable, easy to maintain and expansion. The development of design idea and overall structure of this paper introduces the graphical power flow calculation software, expounds the function and features of the software. According to the characteristics of the power system, the graphical trend MATLAB language operating system running on a windows calculation software. The main feature of this system is simple, intuitive graphical interface, accurate calculation of stable operation. In the calculation, the algorithm made some improvements, improve the calculation speed, and the effective encapsulation of class program module has good maintainability and reusability. Keywords: power flow calculation。 Newton Raphson power flow calculation。 MATLAB 安徽工程大學(xué)機(jī)電學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） III 目錄 引言 ............................................................................................................................................ 1 第 1 章 電力系統(tǒng)潮流計(jì)算概述 .............................................................................................. 2 電力系統(tǒng)敘述 .................................................................................................................. 2 潮流計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)介 .................................................................................................................. 2 潮流計(jì)算的意義及其發(fā)展 .............................................................................................. 3 第 2 章 潮流計(jì)算的數(shù)學(xué)模型 .................................................................................................. 4 導(dǎo)納矩陣的原理及計(jì)算方法 .......................................................................................... 4 潮流計(jì)算的基本方程 ...................................................................................................... 7 電力系統(tǒng)節(jié)點(diǎn)分類(lèi) .......................................................................................................... 9 潮流計(jì)算的約束條件 .................................................................................................... 10 第 3 章 牛頓－拉夫遜法概述 ................................................................................................ 12 牛頓－拉夫遜法基本原理 ............................................................................................ 12 牛頓 拉夫遜法潮流求解過(guò)程 ..................................................................................... 13 牛頓 —拉夫遜法的程序框圖 ........................................................................................ 17 第 4 章 MATLAB 概述 .......................................................................................................... 18 MATLAB 簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................................... 18 MATLAB 應(yīng)用在潮流計(jì)算中的優(yōu)勢(shì) ........................................................................... 18 矩陣的運(yùn)算 .................................................................................................................... 19 第 5 章 潮流計(jì)算主界面設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn) ........................................................................................ 21 主界面介紹 .................................................................................................................... 21 數(shù)據(jù)初始化 ....................