【正文】 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 題 目： 壓裂技術(shù)在低滲油藏的應(yīng)用 學(xué)生姓名： 系 別： 油氣工程系 專業(yè)班級(jí)： 2021 級(jí)油氣開采技術(shù)專業(yè) 指導(dǎo)教師： 2021 年 6 月 6 日 中國石油大學(xué)勝利學(xué)院?？飘厴I(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 摘 要 隨著油氣井的勘探開發(fā)的深入，低滲透油田所占的比例越來 越大，如何合理高效的開發(fā)低滲透油田變得日益重要。低滲油藏以巖性油藏和構(gòu)造巖性油藏為主，油藏類型較單一，具有儲(chǔ)層物性差、孔喉細(xì)小溶蝕孔發(fā)育、儲(chǔ)層非均質(zhì)性嚴(yán)重、油層原始含水飽和度高、儲(chǔ)層敏感性強(qiáng)、裂縫發(fā)育、原油性質(zhì)好等地質(zhì)特征。對低滲透油藏進(jìn)行壓裂，能在相對節(jié)省投資的前提下達(dá)到提高采收率的效果。 關(guān)鍵詞： 低滲油藏；采收率；壓裂技術(shù) 中國石油大學(xué)勝利學(xué)院?？飘厴I(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） ABSTRACT With the exploration and development of oil and gas wells deep, low permeability oilfield proportion is growing, how rational and efficient development of low permeability oil fields is being increasingly important. Reservoirs mainly contain low permeability reservoir lithology and structure of reservoir lithology with a single reservoir type parison. There are many Geological characteristics of poor reservoir properties, corrosion stomatal development of small pore throat, severe reservoir heterogeneity, reservoir raw water saturation high, reservoir sensitivity, fracture, geological characteristics and good oil properties. With Low permeability reservoir fracturing, enhanced oil recovery can be achieved in the context of the relative effect of saving investments. Keywords: low permeability reservoir。 recovery ratio。 fracturing technology 中國石油大學(xué)勝利學(xué)院?？飘厴I(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 目 錄 第 1 章 概 論 .............................................................................................................................. 1 低滲透油藏的概述 ..................................................................................................... 2 低滲透油藏開發(fā)中普遍存在的問題 ......................................................................... 2 改善低滲透油藏開發(fā)狀況的思路 ............................................................................. 3 第 2 章 低滲透油藏的主要開發(fā)技術(shù)概述 .............................................................................. 6 氣驅(qū)技術(shù) ..................................................................................................................... 6 壓裂技術(shù) ..................................................................................................................... 7 水平井技術(shù) ................................................................................................................. 7 第 3 章 低滲油藏常用的壓裂技術(shù) .......................................................................................... 9 卡封壓裂技術(shù) ............................................................................................................. 9 技術(shù)原理及應(yīng)用條件 .................................................................................... 9 工藝特點(diǎn) .........................................................................................................11 施工工序 .........................................................................................................11 井下工具 ........................................................................................................ 14 機(jī)械分層壓裂技術(shù) ................................................................................................... 13 分層壓裂選井選層條件研究 ........................................................................ 13 機(jī)械分層壓裂的原理 .................................................................................... 13 機(jī)械分層壓裂存在的問題分析 .................................................................... 14 分層壓裂施工工藝研究 ................................................................................ 15 限流壓裂技術(shù) ........................................................................................................... 16 技術(shù)原理及主要特點(diǎn) .................................................................................... 16 現(xiàn)場應(yīng)用情況及增產(chǎn)效果 ............................................................................ 18 存在的主要問題 ............................................................................................ 19 暫堵砂塞（液體膠塞）分段壓裂技術(shù) ................................................................... 20 封堵底段壓裂頂段工藝 ................................................................................ 20 封堵頂段壓裂頂段工藝 ................................................................................ 21 室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)與工藝指標(biāo) .................................................................................... 21 中國石油大學(xué)勝利學(xué)院?？飘厴I(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn) ........................................................................................................ 22 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論 ........................................................................................................ 23 裸眼封隔器分段壓裂技術(shù) ....................................................................................... 24 裸眼封隔器的研制 ........................................................................................ 24 技術(shù)分析 ........................................................................................................ 24 水力噴射分段壓裂技術(shù) ........................................................................................... 27 水力噴射壓裂機(jī)理 ........................................................................................ 27 水平井不動(dòng)管柱水力噴射壓裂工藝研究 .................................................... 27 現(xiàn)場應(yīng)用情況 ................................................................................................ 30 長縫壓裂技術(shù) ............................................................................................................ 31 低滲透長縫壓裂技術(shù)思路提出 .................................................................... 31 低滲透長縫 壓裂關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及優(yōu)勢分析 ........................................................ 31 低滲透長縫壓裂關(guān)鍵技術(shù) ................................................................... 31 低滲透長縫壓裂優(yōu)勢分析 ................................................................... 33 仿水平井開發(fā)技術(shù) .....................