【正文】
本科畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì)) 題 目 中小企業(yè)融資問(wèn)題分析 以漢中瑞旺機(jī)電設(shè)備有限公司為例 學(xué) 院 商學(xué)院 專 業(yè) 財(cái)務(wù)管理 班 級(jí) 12 級(jí)核算 01 班 學(xué) 號(hào) 學(xué)生姓名 指導(dǎo)教師 完成日期 西安思源學(xué)院教務(wù)處制 二〇一 年 月 成績(jī) 等級(jí) 摘 要 近年來(lái),融資問(wèn)題一直困擾著我國(guó)廣大的中小企業(yè)。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)涌現(xiàn)出了了許多中小企業(yè),他們促進(jìn)了市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng),提高了市場(chǎng)效率,也成為了我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分。隨著中小企業(yè)不斷的發(fā)展壯大,其融資需求也日益增大。但是 因?yàn)槲覈?guó) 市場(chǎng)機(jī)制還不完善成熟,社會(huì)信用環(huán)境 差 ,中小民營(yíng)企業(yè)在進(jìn)行融資時(shí) 受 到的限制比較多, 使其 融資困難。這種現(xiàn)狀不但制約著我國(guó)中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展, 同時(shí)不利于 我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的進(jìn)一步繁榮。盡管此前政府也采取了一些措施來(lái)改善中小企業(yè)的融資環(huán)境,但由于各種原因,中小企業(yè)的融資問(wèn)題并未得到很好的解決。因此,本文通過(guò)對(duì)漢中 瑞旺 機(jī)電設(shè)備有限公司 近幾年融資 狀況的分析了解,在與實(shí)例相結(jié)合的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)我國(guó)中小企業(yè)融資的一般規(guī)律和融資發(fā)展中存在的問(wèn)題及實(shí)證結(jié)果提出意見(jiàn)與建議,希望能對(duì)解決我國(guó)中小企業(yè)融資難問(wèn)題進(jìn)行一定程度的有益探索。 關(guān)鍵 字: 中小企業(yè) 融資難 影響因素 解決措施 Abstract In recent years, financing has been plagued by the vast number of SMEs. Since the reform and opening up, China emerged a number of small and medium enterprises, they promote petition in the market, improve market efficiency, but also bee an important part of our national economy. With the continuous development and growth of SMEs, their financing needs are also increasing. However, China39。s SMEs due to its impact on the surrounding environment vulnerable to economic ring, asymmetric information and a shortage of various factors, and other government resources, has been in financial difficulty dilemma. This situation not only restricts the development of SMEs, but also to the further prosperity of China39。s economy had a severe impact. Although the government had taken some steps to improve the financing environment for SMEs, but for various reasons, the financing of SMEs has not been solved. Therefore, through the financing of Hanzhong Electrical Equipment Co., analysis of the situation to understand, bined with on the basis of research of SME development, the depth of the general laws of SME financing, SME financing difficulties resulting draw What is the reason, and draw on the basis of prehensive, relevant countermeasures to solve our financing problems in the analysis were discussed. Keywords: Small and medium enterprises Financing difficulties Factors solution 目錄 第一章 緒論 .............................................................................................. 1 一、本文研究的背景、目的和意義 ........................................................ 1 二、研究方法 ...................................................................................... 1 三、國(guó)內(nèi)外中小企業(yè)劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ............................................................... 2 (一)國(guó)外劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ...................................................................... 2 (二)國(guó)內(nèi)劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ...................................................................... 2 四、論文內(nèi)容組織結(jié)構(gòu)圖 ...................................................................... 3 第二章 我國(guó)中小企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀 .................................................................... 4 一、我國(guó)中小企業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 .................................................................. 4 (一)我國(guó)不同地區(qū)中小企業(yè)分布差異大 ........................................ 4 (二)我國(guó)中小企業(yè)行業(yè)分布不均勻 ............................................... 4 二、我國(guó)中小企業(yè)融資結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................................. 5 (一)企業(yè)融資的概念 ................................................................... 5 (二)不同類型的中小企業(yè)融資模式選擇 ........................................ 5 四、我國(guó)中小企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀 .................................................................. 6 (一)融資渠道狹窄 ...................................................................... 6 (二)中小企業(yè)融資成本高 ............................................................ 6 (三)中小企業(yè)資產(chǎn)負(fù)債率高 ......................................................... 7 (四)中小企業(yè)自我積累和盈利能力差導(dǎo)致的內(nèi)源融資源頭不暢 ....... 7 (五)外部融資都是在尋求非正式債權(quán)和非正式股市融資 ................. 7 第三章 我國(guó)中小企業(yè)民間融資問(wèn)題的案例分析以漢中瑞旺機(jī)電設(shè)備有限公司融資案例 ....................................................................................................... 9 一、公司情況簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................ 9 二、公司的發(fā)展歷史 ............................................................................ 9 三、公司當(dāng)前存在的融資問(wèn)題 ............................................................. 10 (一)公司融資狀況分析 .............................................................. 10 (二)公司當(dāng)前存在的融資問(wèn)題 .................................................... 10 四、公司融資問(wèn)題的成因 .................................................................... 11 (一)企業(yè)規(guī)模不經(jīng)濟(jì),缺少抵押物 ............................................. 11 (二)銀行準(zhǔn)入門檻高,金融創(chuàng)新品種少 ...................................... 11 (三)管理不善,忽略財(cái)務(wù)籌劃 .................................................... 12 五、解決公司融資問(wèn)題的融資方 案設(shè)計(jì) ................................................ 12 (一) 公司資金需求分析 ........................................................... 12 第四章 解決中小企業(yè)融資難的方案 ........................................................... 14 一、企業(yè)自身方面 .............................................................................. 14 (一)加強(qiáng)企業(yè)自身積累意識(shí),制定長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展目標(biāo) ......................... 14 (二)提高自身財(cái)務(wù)籌劃能力,合理實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)資產(chǎn)的再增值 ............ 14 (三)不斷提高自身素質(zhì),增強(qiáng)企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì) ................................ 14 二、金融體系方面 .............................................................................. 14 (一)央行對(duì)中小企業(yè)融資進(jìn)行適當(dāng)資金調(diào)控 ................................ 14 (二)與中小企業(yè)保持長(zhǎng)期的聯(lián)系與合作 ...................................... 15 (三)明確支持重點(diǎn),加強(qiáng)中小企業(yè)的創(chuàng)新能力和國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力 ........ 15 (四)穩(wěn)