【正文】 I 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的震害及抗震研究 摘 要： 最近幾年，世界各地不斷的有大地震發(fā)生，這給人類帶來的災(zāi)害是巨大的，對人類的衣、食、住、行造成很大的影響，其中，對 “ 住 ” 的影響尤為大。目前各個國家的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)都有自己不同的抗震設(shè)防等級，體現(xiàn)了對抗震設(shè)計的重視程度。提高城鎮(zhèn)綜合抗震防災(zāi)能力，最大限度地減輕地震災(zāi)害，搞好新建工程的抗震設(shè)計，成為一項重要的根本性減災(zāi)措施。所以，對于建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震研究是十分有必要的。本文主要介紹了建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)分類，引出幾種常見的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的震害，并對其分析。提出建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震設(shè)防思想，分析建筑結(jié) 構(gòu)抗震能力的影響因素，然后再針對所介紹的幾種建筑結(jié)構(gòu)提出不同的抗震措施，然后進行總結(jié)。 關(guān) 鍵 詞： 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)；震害；抗震；研究 II Damage the building structure and seismic research Abstract： In recent years, there is continuous earthquake around the world, the disasters which brings to mankind is enormous, it had a great impact on human clothing, food, housing, and transportation, including the effect on the live is particularly large. Currently building structures has its own different seismic levels in various countries, which reflects on the importance of earthquakeresistant design. To improve the ability of integrated earthquake disaster prevention in cities and towns to maximize， reduce the disater which earthquake brings, and make a new better engineering seismic design, bees an important and fundamental measures for disaster reduction. So,the research to architectural structure seismic is very necessary. This article mainly introduces the structural classification of building structure, which leads to several mon earthquake damage of building structure and its analysis. It makes seismic design of building structure, analysises of influencing factors of seismic capacity and then makes against the several structures that are described by different seismic measures and summarize finally. Keywords： Building structure。Damage。Seismic。Research III 目 錄 1. 引言 ............................................................................................................................... 1 2. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的分類 .......................................................................................................... 1 按材料種類分類 ...................................................................................................... 1 按承重結(jié)構(gòu)類型分類 ............................................................................................. 1 3. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)震害 ............................................................................................................... 2 多層砌體結(jié)構(gòu) 的震害 ............................................................................................. 2 單層鋼筋混凝土廠房的震害 ................................................................................. 3 屋蓋系統(tǒng) ........................................................................................................... 3 排架柱 ............................................................................................................... 3 支撐系統(tǒng) ........................................................................................................... 3 圍護墻體 ........................................................................................................... 3 多層和高層鋼筋混凝土房屋結(jié)構(gòu)的震害 ............................................................. 3 結(jié)構(gòu)布置不合理產(chǎn)生的震害 ........................................................................... 4 框架結(jié)構(gòu)的震害 ............................................................................................... 4 抗震墻的震害 ................................................................................................... 5 填充墻的震害 ................................................................................................... 5 樓梯的震害 ....................................................................................................... 5 多層和高層鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的震害 ..................................................................................... 5 4. 建筑工程的抗震設(shè)防 .