【正文】 廣州大學(xué)松田學(xué)院 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 題 目 基于 AT89S52單片機(jī)的電子琴設(shè)計(jì) 1 基于 AT89S52 單片機(jī)的電子琴設(shè)計(jì) 摘要 ： 微型計(jì)算機(jī)是大規(guī)模集成電路技術(shù)發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物，屬第四代電子計(jì)算機(jī)，它具有高性能、高速度、體積小、價(jià)格低廉、穩(wěn)定可靠、應(yīng)用廣泛的特點(diǎn)。就因?yàn)樗膽?yīng)用非常廣泛，因此，單片機(jī)的開發(fā)應(yīng)用已成為高科技和工程領(lǐng)域的一項(xiàng)重大課題。而音樂現(xiàn)在也成了人們生活的一部分，生活的壓力，學(xué)習(xí)的壓力，工作的壓力，一切的不順利可以在音樂聲中放松下來，讓人們心 情舒暢，聽著音樂放松心情，讓我們提高生活質(zhì)量。本論文設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)基于單片機(jī)的簡易電子琴。電子琴是現(xiàn)代電子科技與音樂結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，是一種鍵盤樂器。本系統(tǒng)是以 51 系列單片機(jī) AT89S52 為主芯片，附有矩陣鍵盤、 LED 顯示管、揚(yáng)聲器組成。系統(tǒng)完成顯示輸入信息、播放相應(yīng)音符等基本功能。本系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定，其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是硬件電路簡單，軟件功能完善，控制系統(tǒng)可靠，性價(jià)比較高等，具有一定的實(shí)用和參考價(jià)值。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： AT89S52，矩陣鍵盤， LED 顯示管，揚(yáng)聲器。 Design of electronic an based on MCU Abstract： Microputers are large scale integrated circuit technology development of the fourth generation of the product, electronic puters, it has high performance, high speed, small volume, low prices, stable and reliable, widely characteristics. Just because it39。s very extensive, therefore, SCM for the development and application of hightech and engineering field has bee a major issue. But music now also bee a part of life, life pressure, the pressure of learning, working pressure, all is not well in music can relax and let people in a relaxed mood, listen to music to relax, let us improve the quality of life. This paper is based on single chip design a simple keyboard. Modern electronic technology and keyboard is the bination of music, is a kind of keyboard instrument. SCM has strong control function and flexible programmable achieve properties, it has into modern people39。s life, bee part of the entertainment and leisure. This system is mainly 51 series microcontroller AT89S52, acpanied by matrix keyboard, chip, speaker ， LED. System pletes display input information, the basic function such as broadcast corresponding notes. This system stable operation, its advantage is hardware circuit is simple, software function consummation, the control system is reliable, costeffective higher, has certain practical and reference value. Keywords: AT89S52, matrix, LED, speaker 目 錄 1 引 言 ........................................................................................................................ 1 課題的背景和意義 ................................................................................................... 1 課題的研究內(nèi)容 與擬解決的主要問題 ....................................................................... 2 2 任務(wù)要求與總體設(shè)計(jì)方案 ............................................................................................ 3 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)要求 .......................................................................................................... 3 單片機(jī)簡介 ............................................................................................................. 3 .................................................................................................. 3 單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用 .................................................................................................... 3 系統(tǒng)框圖 ................................................................................................................. 4 元件簡介 ................................................................................................................. 4 AT89S52 ............................................................................................................ 4 LM386 .............................................................................................................. 6 3 硬件設(shè)計(jì)及說明 .......................................................................................................... 8 系統(tǒng)硬件總體設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................... 8 系統(tǒng)的工作原理 .....................................................................................................10 矩陣鍵盤模塊 ...................................................................................................12 數(shù)碼管模塊 ......................................................................................................14 揚(yáng)聲器模塊 ......................................................................................................14 紅外電源模塊 ..................................................................................................15 4 軟件設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................................................16 整體程序處理流程圖 ..............................................................................................16 如何用單片機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)音樂的節(jié)拍 ................................................................................17 音樂播放設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................18 5 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 ...................................................................................................................20 程序調(diào)試 ...............................................................................................................20 仿真調(diào)試 ................................................................................................................22 結(jié)論 ................................................................................................................................25 參考文獻(xiàn) .........................................................................................................................26 致謝 ................................................................................................................................27 附錄 1 系統(tǒng)硬件實(shí)物圖 ....................................................................................................28 附錄 2 系統(tǒng)電路原理圖及 PCB圖 ...................................................................................29 附錄 3 系統(tǒng)主要程序 ......................................................................................................30 1 1 引 言 課題的背景和意義 隨著生活水平的提高，人們的需求不再僅僅是物質(zhì)上的滿足，更多的是要求精神上的放松。在放松自己的同時(shí)又能提高各個(gè)方面的能力。學(xué)習(xí)和欣賞音樂可以在人們疲勞的時(shí)候得到放松，同時(shí)提高人們的精神品