【正文】 蘭州交通大學(xué)博文學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) （論文） 1 摘要 在日常生活中溫度在我們身邊無(wú)時(shí)不在，溫度的控制和應(yīng)用在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域都有重要的作用。很多行業(yè)中都有大量的用電加熱設(shè)備，和溫度控制設(shè)備，如用于報(bào)警的溫度自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)，熱處理的加熱爐，用于融化金屬的坩鍋電阻爐及各種不同用途的溫度箱等，這些都采用單片機(jī)技術(shù)，利用單片機(jī)語(yǔ)言程序?qū)λ鼈冞M(jìn)行控制。而單片機(jī)技術(shù)具有控制和操作使用方便、結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單便于修改和維護(hù)、靈活性大且具有一定的智能性等特點(diǎn)，可以精確的控 制技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，提高了溫控指標(biāo)，也大大的提高了產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和性能。 由于單片機(jī)技術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)突出，智能化溫度控制技術(shù)正被廣泛地采用。 本文介紹了基于單片機(jī)AT89C51 的溫度控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方案與軟硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)。采用溫度傳感器 DS18B20 采集溫度數(shù)據(jù)， 7 段數(shù)碼管顯示溫度數(shù)據(jù)，按鍵設(shè)置溫度上下限，當(dāng)溫度低于設(shè)定的下限時(shí)，點(diǎn)亮綠色發(fā)光二極管，當(dāng)溫度高于設(shè)定的上限時(shí)，點(diǎn)亮紅色發(fā)光二極管。給出了系統(tǒng)總體框架、程序流程圖和 Protel 原理圖，并在硬件平臺(tái)上實(shí)現(xiàn)了所設(shè)計(jì)功能。 關(guān)鍵詞：?jiǎn)纹瑱C(jī) 溫度控制系統(tǒng) 溫度傳感器 蘭州交通大學(xué)博文學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) （論文） 1 Abstract In daily life, the temperature in our side the everpresent, the control of the temperature and the application in various fields all have important role. Many industry there are a large number of electric heating equipment, and the temperature control equipment, such as used for alarm automatic temperature alarm systems, heat treatment furnace, used to melt metal crucible resistance furnace, and all kinds of different USES of temperature box and so on, these using single chip microputer, using single chip puter language program to control them. And singlechip microputer technology has control and convenient in operation, easy to modify and maintenance of simple structure, flexibility is large and has some of the intelligence and other characteristics, we can accurately control technology standard to improve the temperature control index, also greatly improve the quality of the products and performance. Because of the advantages of the single chip microputer intelligent temperature control technology outstanding, is being widely adopted. This paper introduces the temperature control based on single chip microputer AT89C51 design scheme of the system and the hardware and software implementation. The temperature sensor DS18B20 collection temperature data, 7 period of digital pipe display, the upper and lower limits of temperature button when temperature below the setting of the lower limit, light green leds, when the temperature is higher than the set on the limit, light red leds. Given the system framework and program flow chart and principle chart, and in Protel hardware platform to realize the function of the design. Keywords： SCM Temperature control system Temperature sensors 蘭州交通大學(xué)博文學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) （論文） 1 目錄 1緒論 ........................................................................................................................................... 4 課題背景及國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況 ............................................................................................ 4 自動(dòng)控制理論及其發(fā)展 ................................................................................................... 5 2意義與要求 ................................................................................................................................ 6 實(shí)際意義 ........................................................................................................................ 6 ......................................................................................................................... 7 3 單片機(jī)技術(shù)和 PID算法 ............................................................................................................ 7 ............................................................................................................................. 7 ................................................................................................. 7 ............................................................................................... 10 PID算法 ........................................................................................................................11 ........................................................................................................11 .................................................................................................11 .................................................................................................... 12 小結(jié) ............................................................................................................................. 14 4方案設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................................................. 14 5 詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................................. 14 ................................................................................................................ 14 5． 1． 1單片機(jī) ............................................................................................................. 14 ........................................................................................................ 15 電路設(shè)計(jì)方法 ............................................................................................................... 15 顯示部分電路 ................................................................................................... 15 溫度檢測(cè)電路 ................................................................................................... 16 鍵盤電路 ........................................................................................................... 16 ......................................................................................... 17 繪制流程圖 ................................................................................................................... 18 程序設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................................................... 19 6調(diào)試和仿真 .............................................................................................................................. 19 7 結(jié)果分析 ....................