【正文】 I 渦輪 流量計 標(biāo)定裝置 及 測量電路 設(shè)計 學(xué) 院 航空航天工程學(xué)部 專 業(yè) 飛行器動力工程 班 級 04040102 學(xué) 號 2021040401053 姓 名 孔祥宇 指導(dǎo)教師 彭大維 負(fù)責(zé)教師 彭大維 沈陽航空 航天大學(xué) 2021 年 6 月渦輪流量計標(biāo)定裝置及測量電路設(shè)計 1 摘 要 隨著流體系統(tǒng)向微小化方向的發(fā)展，對微小流量進(jìn)行精確測量的需求變得越來越多。本文提出了小量程流量計 、 標(biāo)定試驗器 及傳感器后調(diào)理電路的設(shè)計 ，使其具有測量精度高、使用方便、適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)、數(shù)字信號輸出 并轉(zhuǎn)換為 易于識別的方波 等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。文章主要研究設(shè)計了切向渦輪流量計 以及對切向流量計中傳感器后的調(diào)理電路進(jìn)行了仿真設(shè)計和 PCB 設(shè)計 ， 同時對調(diào)節(jié)渦輪轉(zhuǎn)速的步進(jìn)電機(jī)的安裝操作進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹。 并根據(jù)測量微小流量的原理及其實(shí)現(xiàn)方法，改進(jìn)測量系統(tǒng)。測量系統(tǒng)在液體流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝置的基礎(chǔ)上，改進(jìn)了穩(wěn)壓裝置，采用 穩(wěn)壓溢流堰的方法， 設(shè)計了新的液體稱重容器 雙套量杯稱重容器，選用了測量精度更高的電子天平，取代了常用杠桿式天平，使測量更簡單、準(zhǔn)確。根據(jù)微小流量測量的特點(diǎn)，本文選擇動態(tài)質(zhì)量法原理進(jìn)行流量標(biāo)定，它簡化了測量過程，降低了成本，提高了 測量精度，證明對它的設(shè)計是可行的。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 切向渦輪流量計 ； 液體流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝置 ； 動態(tài)質(zhì)量法 ； 流量標(biāo)定 。信號調(diào)理電路；步進(jìn)電機(jī)調(diào)控； PCB 電路板印刷 渦輪流量計標(biāo)定裝 置及測量電路設(shè)計 2Turbine flowmeter calibration device and measurement circuit design Abstract With the development of the fluid system to the direction of miniaturization, the demand for accurate measurement of small flow bees more and more. This paper presents the design of a small range of flow meter . the calibration test and the design of the sensor conditioning, it has high accuracy, easy to use, adaptable, and converted to a digital signal output of the advantages of easy identification square wave . The article is mainly designed tangential turbine flowmeter, As well as the design of the cutting simulation and PCB design after the flowmeter sensor conditioning circuits .while adjusting the speed of the turbine installation stepper motor for a detailed in accordance with the principle and implementation method for measuring small flows, improved measurement system. Measurement system on the basis of the liquid flow standard device to improve the regulator device, using the method of regulator overflow weir。 Designed a new liquid weighing container double sets of measuring cups weighing the container。 The selection of a higher measurement accuracy electronic balance, replacing the monly used leveraged balance, the measurement is more simple and accurate. According to the characteristics of micro flow measurement, this article selection of the dynamic quality of the principle of flow calibration which simplifies the measurement process, reduces cost and improves the measurement accuracy, to prove that its design is feasible. Keywords: Tangential turbine flowmeter。 Liquid flow standard device。 Dynamic Quality Act。 Flow calibration 。Signal condition circuit。Stepper motor regulation。PCB printed circuit board 渦輪流量計標(biāo)定裝置及測量電路設(shè)計 3 目 錄 1 緒論 ................................................................................................................................... 5 研究的背景、目的和意義 ......................................................................................... 5 本課題研究的主要內(nèi)容、技術(shù)路線及需解決的技術(shù)關(guān)鍵 ..................................... 5 研究的指導(dǎo)思想 .................................................................................................. 8 主要研究內(nèi)容、技術(shù)關(guān)鍵與難點(diǎn) ...................................................................... 8 2 小量程流量計的選擇及設(shè)計 ......................................................................................... 10 渦輪流量計概述 ....................................................................................................... 10 渦輪流量計發(fā)展概況 ........................................................................................ 10 渦輪流量計的 特點(diǎn) ............................................................................................ 11 切向式渦輪流量計 ................................................................................................... 12 3 試驗系統(tǒng)的建立與選擇 ................................................................................................. 17 微小流量的定常流測量原理 ................................................................................... 17 靜態(tài)質(zhì)量法液體微小流量測量裝置 ....................................................................... 17 動態(tài)質(zhì)量法液體微小流量測量裝置 ....................................................................... 18 基于以上兩種測量方法，對比分析并選擇試驗系統(tǒng) ........................................... 19 4 動態(tài)質(zhì)量法測量裝置 ..................................................................................................... 21 測量系統(tǒng)的原理及設(shè)計 ........................................................................................... 21 測量系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化及改進(jìn) ........................................................................................... 22 穩(wěn)壓源的改進(jìn) .................................................................................................... 22 稱重容器的改進(jìn) ................................................................................................ 23 稱重裝置的改進(jìn) ................................................................................................ 25 5 流量計標(biāo)定技術(shù) ............................................................................................................. 27 流 量標(biāo)定技術(shù)分類 ................................................................................................... 27 切向渦輪流量計的標(biāo)定 ........................................................................................... 27 6 轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器所連接電路及步進(jìn)電機(jī)調(diào)控裝置 ........................................................... 30 傳感器后信號調(diào)理電路設(shè)計 ................................................................................... 30 轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器所連接電路 ...................................................................................30 轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器所連接電路的軟件繪制 ...............................................................32 渦輪流量計標(biāo)定裝 置及測量電路設(shè)計 4 步進(jìn)電機(jī)調(diào)控裝置 ....................................................................................................33 并口卡 ...............................................................................................................34 — 100 兩項混合式步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動器 ......................................................40 電動機(jī) .....................................................