【正文】 本科畢業(yè)設計說明書 冷凍站鹽水泵變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng) FROZEN STATION SALT WATER PUMP FREQUENCY CONVERSION GOVERNOR SYSTEM 學院（部）： 電氣與信息工程學院 專業(yè)班級： 電氣工程及其自動化 學生姓名： 指導教師： 年 月 日 安徽理工大學畢業(yè)設計 I 冷凍站鹽水泵變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng) 摘要 近年來，交流調(diào)速發(fā)展十分迅速，打破了過去直流拖動在調(diào)速領域中的統(tǒng)治地位，交流拖動 已經(jīng) 進入了與直流 拖動相媲美、相抗衡的時代。本論文結合我國 煤礦凍結站 的現(xiàn)狀，并利用在校期間掌握的專業(yè)技能，設計了一套利用 PLC 變頻調(diào)速器以傳感器為基礎的 水泵流量閉環(huán)調(diào)速 系統(tǒng)。 變頻調(diào)速技術是一項綜合現(xiàn)代電氣技術和計算機控制的先進技術，廣泛應用于水泵節(jié)能和恒壓供水領域。變頻調(diào)速技術用于水泵控制系統(tǒng)，具有調(diào)速性能好、節(jié)能效果顯著、運行工藝安全可靠等優(yōu)點。在大力提倡節(jié)約能源的今天，推廣使用這種集現(xiàn)代先進電力電子技術和計算機技術于一體的高科技節(jié)能裝置，對于提高勞動生產(chǎn)率、降低能耗具有重大的現(xiàn)實意義?？梢哉f變頻調(diào)速技術是一項利國利民、有 廣泛應用前景的高新技術。依靠現(xiàn)代化技術手段對生產(chǎn)過程進行控制和管理，提高設備運行效率和可靠性，節(jié)省寶貴的水、電資源，是技術發(fā)展的必然趨勢由于電子技術的飛速發(fā)展，變頻器的性能有了極大提高，它可以實現(xiàn)控制設備軟啟軟停，不僅可以降低設備故障率，還可以大幅減少電耗，確保系統(tǒng)安全、穩(wěn)定、長周期運行。 變頻器 調(diào)節(jié)流量閉環(huán) 控制： 通過供水管道上的遠傳 流量計 ，輸出 020mA 模擬量信號送入 PLC， 在通過 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換，執(zhí)行 PID 程序， D/A 轉(zhuǎn)換后，輸出控制信號給變頻器， 來自動調(diào)節(jié)變頻器的輸出頻率，來自動調(diào)節(jié)變頻器的輸出頻率，從而改 變 拖動 水泵的 電動機的轉(zhuǎn)速，達到調(diào)節(jié)流量的作用 。 交流變頻調(diào)速是交流電動機調(diào)速方法中最優(yōu)的方案，采用變頻器對鹽水泵機械進行調(diào)速來調(diào)節(jié)流量的方法，對節(jié)約 電能，提高經(jīng)濟效益具有重要意義。 在文章中，我們研究了采用可編程控制器控制的變頻器對鹽水泵進行調(diào)速所產(chǎn)生的節(jié)能減排效益，重點提到了凍結站鹽水泵變頻節(jié)能系統(tǒng)的硬件組成及軟件設計。還提到了對于電動機、變頻器、 PLC 的結構和型號選擇等相關方面。 關鍵詞：凍結站，變頻器，鹽水泵，變頻器，節(jié)能，閉環(huán)調(diào)速 安徽理工大學畢業(yè)設計 II COAL FREEZE STATION SALT WATER PUMPING FREQUENCY GOVERNORSYSTEM ABSTRACT In recent years, the development of AC variable speed very quickly, breaking the dominance of the DC drive speed field, AC Drive has entered the era of parable DC drive, to pete. This paper bines the status quo of China39。s coal mines to freeze the station, and the use of professional skills mastered during the school pump flow design a PLC frequency control sensorbased closedloop speed control system Frequency control technology is a modern integrated electrical and puter control of advanced technology, widely used in the field of pump energy efficiency and constant pressure water control technology for the pump control system with speed performance, significant energy saving effect, run the process safe and reliable advantages. Vigorously promote energy conservation, promote the use of this set of modern and advanced power electronics technology and puter technology in one hightech energysaving devices for raising labor productivity, reduce energy consumption is of great practical significance. It can be said that the frequency conversion technology is a country wide application prospects of hightech. Inverter performance has been greatly enhanced due to the rapid development of electronic technology, it can achieve a soft start soft stop control equipment, not only can reduce equipment failure rates, can also significantly reduce power consumption, and ensure system security, stability, longterm operation。 Inverter regulate the flow of closedloop control: Far EasTone flow meter on the water supply pipes, into the inverter output 020mA analog signal to automatically adjust the inverter output frequency, thus changing the drag pump motor speed and reach adjustmentthe role of the flow. AC variable speed AC motor speed control method of the optimal solution, the inverter is used for salt water pump mechanical governor to regulate the flow, save energy, improve economic efficiency. 安徽理工大學畢業(yè)設計 III In the article, we study the brine pump speed generated by the programmable controller to control the inverter energy saving benefits, highlighted the freeze Station salt water pump frequency energy system hardware and software design. Also referred to the relevant aspects of the motor, inverter, PLC, structure and model selection. KEYWORDS: freezing station, inverter， salt water pumps， frequency converter， energysaving， closedloop speed 安徽理工大學畢業(yè)設計 i 目錄 摘要 （中文） ..................................................................................................................... I 摘要（外文） .................................................................................................................... II 1 緒論 ................................................................................................................................. 1 引言 ...................................................................................................................... 1 煤礦凍結法鑿井簡介 .......................................................................................... 1 凍結施工存在的問題 .......................................................................................... 3 國內(nèi)外交流變頻技術的發(fā)展 .............................................................................. 3 研究背景及變頻改 造的意義 .............................................................................. 4 2 變頻調(diào)速在水泵中的研究 ............................................................................................. 6 變頻調(diào)速在水泵中的主要調(diào)節(jié)方式 .................................................................. 6 水泵變頻調(diào)速和其他方法的節(jié)能對比 .............................................................. 6 調(diào)節(jié)水泵流量的兩種方法 ........................................................................ 6 轉(zhuǎn)速控制法和傳統(tǒng)方法的比較 ................................................................ 7 變頻器原理 .......................................................................................................... 8 交流變頻器的工作原理 ............................................................................ 8 變頻器的控制方式 .................................................................................... 9 鹽水泵變頻調(diào)速的優(yōu)點 .................................................................................... 10 鹽水泵變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的總體設計 .................................................................... 10 3 變頻技術在凍結站鹽水泵應用中的硬件分析和系統(tǒng)說明 ....................................... 12 鹽水泵的選型介紹 ............................................................................................ 12 離心泵的分類 .......................................................................................... 12 離心泵的命名方式 ...................