【正文】 唐 山 學(xué) 院 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 設(shè)計(jì)題目： 基于 STC89C52 單片機(jī)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn) 系 別： 信息工程系 班 級(jí)： 姓 名： 指 導(dǎo) 教 師： 2021 年 6 月 10 日 基于單片機(jī)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng) 設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn) 摘 要 步進(jìn)電機(jī)是一種純粹的數(shù)字控制電動(dòng)機(jī)，是一種受電脈沖信號(hào)控制的無刷式直流電動(dòng)機(jī)，是現(xiàn)代定位驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置的核心，廣泛應(yīng)用在機(jī)械、電力、紡織、電子、儀表、印刷以及航空航天、船舶、兵器等國防工業(yè)等領(lǐng)域?；趩纹瑱C(jī)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)具有穩(wěn)定度高、成本低、控制方便、應(yīng)用范圍廣等特點(diǎn)。 本系統(tǒng)是由 STC89C52 單片機(jī)核心處理模塊，遙控器命令輸入模塊， ULN2021及 28BYJ48 步進(jìn)電機(jī)組成的電機(jī)模塊， 12864 液晶輸出模塊共同組成的基于單片機(jī)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)。 本 設(shè)計(jì)以載波為 38KHZ 的紅外遙控器作為用戶的控制端 ，它的功能是把用戶的命令轉(zhuǎn)換為紅外信號(hào)。紅外信號(hào)由 TL1838 接收，它可以將光信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換為電信號(hào)，并將其發(fā)送給微控制器 STC89C52。 STC89C52 對(duì)電信號(hào)進(jìn)行相應(yīng)處理即可獲得用戶所發(fā)出的指令，并依此來控制 28BYJ48 型四相八拍電機(jī)并以 12864 液晶作為當(dāng)前狀態(tài)的顯示器。用戶可以對(duì)步進(jìn)電機(jī)進(jìn)行加速、減速、正轉(zhuǎn)、反轉(zhuǎn)的控制。 本步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)具有精度高、運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定、控制方便、維護(hù)簡單、應(yīng)用范圍廣等特點(diǎn)。 關(guān)鍵詞： STC89C52 12864 液晶 步進(jìn)電機(jī) 紅外遙控 Design and Implementation of Stepper Motor Control System Based on MCU Abstract Stepper motor is a kind of pure digital control motor and brushless dc motor controlled by electric pulse signal type. Stepper motor is the core of the modern orientation drive, widely used in machinery, electric power, textile, electronics, instruments, printing and aerospace, ships, weapons, and other areas of the defense industry, etc. The characteristics of the stepping motor control system based on single chip microputer include high stability, low cost, convenient control and wide application , etc. The stepper motor control system consists of core processor using the single chip processor, mand input control module using IR remote control , display module using 12864 LCD and 28BYJ48 stepping motor module which using ULN2021 as driver. The infrared remote control with carrier for 38 KHZ is used as the control end of the user, which can convert the users’ mands into the infrared signal. The TL1838 can receive the infrared signal and convert it into electrical signal, which input to MCU can obtain instructions of users by processing the ining signal and control stepping motor of the 28BYJ48 type, the current status can be shown by 12864 LCD. Users could control acceleration, deceleration, forward, inversion for the stepping motor. The features of the control system of stepper motor includes high precision, stable running, convenient control and simple maintenance and wide application, etc. Key word: MCU。 12864 LCD。 Stepper Motor。 Infrared remote control目 錄 1 引言 ................................................................................................................................ 1 2 總體設(shè)計(jì)方案 ................................................................................................................ 2 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)原理 .......................................................................................................... 2 總體設(shè)計(jì)框圖 .......................................................................................................... 2 3 系統(tǒng)硬件模塊的組成 ..................................................................................................... 3 單片機(jī)控制模塊 ....................................................................................................... 3 STC89C52 主要結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................................................. 3 STC89C52 功能特性描述 .......................................................................... 3 時(shí)鐘電路 .................................................................................................... 6 復(fù)位電路 ..................................................................................................... 6 步進(jìn)電機(jī)模塊 .......................................................................................................... 7 步進(jìn)電機(jī)簡介 ............................................................................................ 7 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu) ......................................................................................... 8 28BYJ48 步進(jìn)電機(jī)工作原理 .................................................................... 8 ULN2021 芯片概述與特點(diǎn) ...................................................................................... 9 紅外線發(fā)射接收模塊 ............................................................................................ 10 紅外線遙控的介紹 .................................................................................. 10 紅外通信基本原理 ................................................................................... 10 紅外遙控發(fā)射系統(tǒng) .................................................................................. 12 紅外遙控接收系統(tǒng) .................................................................................. 12 TL1838 與單片機(jī)的接口 .......................................................................... 14 12864 顯示模塊 ...................................................................................................... 14 12864 液晶的特點(diǎn) .................................................................................... 14 12864 液晶的引腳說明 ............................................................................ 15 12864 液晶的讀寫操作 ............................................................................ 17 12864 液晶的控制指令 ............................................................................ 17 12864 液晶 接口電路 ................................................................................ 20 蜂鳴器模塊 ............................................................................................................ 20 蜂鳴器介紹 .............................................................................................. 20 蜂鳴器的接口電路 .................................................................................. 21 4 軟件設(shè)計(jì)與調(diào)試 .......................................................................................................... 22 主程序流程圖 ............................................