【正文】 沈陽化工學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 內(nèi)容摘要 沈陽化工學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 內(nèi)容摘要 內(nèi)容摘要 工業(yè)爐是工業(yè)加熱的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備，廣泛的應(yīng)用于國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的各行各業(yè)，并且其在各工業(yè)部門的生產(chǎn)中都占有十分重要的地位。 隨著我國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的建立和不斷完善，我國的工業(yè)領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛發(fā)展。金屬加熱領(lǐng)域也有了較大的變化，工業(yè)爐爐型結(jié)構(gòu)、筑爐材料、燃料種類、加熱方式與燃燒系統(tǒng)、熱工測量控制和環(huán)境保護(hù)方面緊密聯(lián)系起來。當(dāng)今工業(yè)爐是工業(yè)的耗能大戶，節(jié)能環(huán)保成為了工業(yè)爐發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。 金屬加熱的主要目的是提高金屬的可塑性，以便進(jìn)行壓力加工。按照爐溫分布，沿爐長方向上分為預(yù)熱段、加熱段和均熱段。其中預(yù)熱段是工業(yè)爐的非供熱段，位于進(jìn)料端，利用燃燒產(chǎn)物的廢熱預(yù)熱物料，加熱段為供熱段，具有燃燒區(qū)，可提高爐溫，給物料加熱。均熱段位于出料端，能減小斷面溫差，保證加熱質(zhì)量，使物料在滿足燒成條件的前提下縮短退火時(shí)間，以提高整個(gè)爐子的產(chǎn)量。 工業(yè)爐的主要組成部分有：工業(yè)爐砌體、工業(yè)爐排煙系統(tǒng)、工業(yè)爐預(yù)熱器和工業(yè)爐燃燒裝置等。機(jī)械工業(yè)應(yīng)用的工業(yè)爐有多種類型，如在鑄造車間，有熔煉金屬的沖天爐、感應(yīng)爐、電阻爐、電弧爐、真空爐、平爐、坩堝爐，烘烤砂型的砂型干燥爐、鐵合金烘爐和鑄件退火爐等等；在鍛壓車間，有對鋼錠或鋼坯進(jìn)行鍛前加熱的 各種加熱爐，沈陽化工學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 內(nèi)容摘要 和鍛后消除應(yīng)力的熱處理爐；在金屬熱處理車間，有改善工件機(jī)械性能的各種退火、正火、淬火和回火的熱處理爐；在粉末冶金車間有燒結(jié)金屬的加熱爐等。一般習(xí)慣上所說的工業(yè)爐多指由推鋼機(jī)運(yùn)料的推鋼式連續(xù)加熱爐，推鋼式加熱爐是鋼鐵企業(yè)最常見的爐型。 為了設(shè)計(jì)出節(jié)能高效的加熱爐，根據(jù)國內(nèi)外先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，結(jié)合鋼鐵企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)實(shí)際完成了本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)燃料的種類和金屬的尺寸及所需的加熱溫度，采用經(jīng)驗(yàn)和給定數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合，確定加熱爐的熱工制度，出料方式和有效長度等。為了消除物料在加熱段水冷滑道產(chǎn)生的水底黑印，在爐子尾部設(shè)置了均 熱段，同時(shí)減小斷面溫差。 本設(shè)計(jì)借鑒了前人所積累的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，采用先進(jìn)的燃燒技術(shù)、合理的爐襯結(jié)構(gòu)形式、排煙系統(tǒng)和自動控制系統(tǒng)，并結(jié)合當(dāng)今一些先進(jìn)的工藝技術(shù)，結(jié)合課題的要求，設(shè)計(jì)了本連續(xù)式加熱爐。本加熱爐實(shí)現(xiàn)了控制簡單、方便。本設(shè)計(jì)的主題部分對工業(yè)爐的開爐準(zhǔn)備和防爆進(jìn)行了分析，對工業(yè)爐建成投產(chǎn)前的烘爐操作和運(yùn)行時(shí)的開爐、停爐做了簡要的介紹，使我們對于工業(yè)爐的具體操作有了大體的了解。 經(jīng)過對加熱爐基本理論學(xué)習(xí)和實(shí)際設(shè)計(jì)過程的計(jì)算，進(jìn)一步掌握連續(xù)加熱爐的選擇和應(yīng)用，為以后的工作奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ)。 關(guān)鍵詞： 加熱爐； 金屬加熱； 應(yīng)力； 節(jié)能； 燃燒沈陽化工學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué) 位論文 abstract Abstract Industrial furnace is the key which is used in is widely used in various sectors of the national economy. It takes a very important position in the production of various industrial sectors. As Chineses socialist market economic system establishment and constant improvement, Chineses industrial develop rapidely. Metal heating areas has larger changes in the structure of industrial furnace. Materials of building furnace, fuel type, heating method and bustion systems and thermal control are linked to environmental protection closely. Today39。s industrial furnace is a major energyconsuming industries. energy conservation and environmental protection have bee the key of the development of industrial furnaces. The main purpose of heating the metal is to improve the plasticity of metal for pressure processing. In accordance with the temperature distribution along the direction of the furnace, which is divided into preheating paragraph, heating and soaking paragraph. preheating paragraph is above preindustrial furnace above the nonheating at the feed end. It use the waste heat to preheat the bustion products of materials. heating section for heating segment, with the bustion zone can increase the temperature to the heating materials. Soaking the material reduce the temperature difference between sections to ensure the quality of heating at end of paragraph. Burning of materials is to meet the conditions to shorten the annealing time in order to enhance the output of the entire furnace. The main ponents of Industrial furnace are masonry industrial 沈陽化工學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué) 位論文 abstract furnace industrial furnace exhaust systems, industrial furnace and industrial furnace preheater bustion devices. There are several types of industrial furnaces in machinery industrial. Such as in the foundry, there are towering metal melting furnace, induction furnace, resistance furnace, electric arc furnace, vacuum furnaces, open hearth furnace, crucible furnace. And it include sand drying furnace, oven and cast iron alloy furnace for baking sand. In the fing shop, there are the steel ingot or billet for fing a variety of preheating furnace and postfing heat treatment furnace to eliminate stress. In metal heat treatment plant, it used to improve the mechanical properties of a variety of workpiece annealing, normalizing, quenching and tempering heat treatment furnace. There are sintered metal the furnace in powder metallurgy sintered metal workshops. Said the general habits of industrial furnaces by more luck pushing steel materials for Pushertype Reheating Furnace, Pushertype furnace is the most mon iron and steel enterprises furnace. In order to design a furnace that can save energy and has high dfficiency domestic and foreign advanced experience co mbined with the actual production of iron and steel enterprises are refered. I have pleted the design of the graduate. According to the types of fuels ,metals size and the heating temperature, the use of experience and a bination of given data to determine the thermal furnace system, the expected length and effective manner. In order to remove material in the heating section of the bottom water slide and India have, it is set in soaking paragraph in the rear of the stove to reducing the temperature difference between sections at the same time. The design drew on the experience that are accumulated by our predecessors. Advanced bustion technology, reasonable structure of 沈陽化工學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué) 位論文 abstract the lining, extraction systems and automatic control system are used. It bined with some of today39。s advanced process technology. Eombined with the requirements of the subject, I design the continuous furnace. The furnace achieves a simple Control and convenient. The dissertation of the design makes an analyse of blast furnace of provision and avoid it introduce furnace running and shutdown with a brief introduction before the operation, so we have a general understanding of operation of industrial furnaces. After learning the basic theory of the furnace and the actual design process, I understand the selection and application of the continuous heating furnace, which will lay a good foundation for my future work. Keywords: furnace。 metal heating。