專升本輔導情態(tài)動詞(已修改)
2025-05-27 05:37 本頁面
【正文】 情態(tài)動詞 概說： 情態(tài)動詞表示說話人的語氣和情態(tài)，需要，可能，愿意和懷疑等。情態(tài)動詞有一定的詞義，但不完整，必須和主要動詞的原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。常用的情態(tài)動詞有： can, could, may, might, must, have to, ought to, need, dare, shall, will, should, would, be able to, etc. ?一 . can , could, be able to ? I. 1) can 表示體力或腦力方面的能力，或根據(jù)客觀條件能夠做某事的能力。 ? A blind man can not judge color. ? He can speak five languages. ? 2) 表示許可，在疑問句中表示要求，否定句中 表示不許。 ? Can (May) I e in ? ? Can I use your dictionary? ? Of course, you can. ? This kind of thing can’t go on. 3) 表示可能性，常用于疑問句和否定句中，指“某事是否是事實”。 ? Can it be true? ? Can the hall seat a thousand people? ? Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be? ? She can’t be here. He can’t be serious. ? Mary can’t have gone there alone. 4) 表示溫和的命令或批評 ? You can go and fetch some water. ? You can clean the windows first. ? You could read more in future. ? You could be more careful. 5) be able to與 can 的比較 A) 表示能力時可通用 ? No one can / is able to do it. ? Can you e tonight? /Will you be able to e tonight? B) be able to可用于任何時態(tài)， can只能用在現(xiàn)在時或過去時（ could ）中。 ? I’m sorry I haven’t been able to answer your letter. ? He says / said he will / would be able to e home for Christmas. C) 表示經(jīng)過努而成功地辦到了某個具體的事情時，只能用 be able to 不可用 can。 ? With the help of the firemen, they were able to leave the burning house. ? After years of hard work he was able to win the prize 2. could 1) could 是 can的過去時，除具有 can的各種功能外，還可以用來比較委婉，客氣地提出問題或陳述看法。 ? Could you e a little earlier? ? I’m sorry I couldn’t lend you the book now. ? Could I borrow your bicycle? ? Yes, of course, you can. ( 不可用 could ) ? I could e earlier, if necessary. 2) can 和 could 還可表示某人或某物一時的特點，可譯為“有可能，有時會”。 ? He can be very friendly. He could be very proud. ? Man can be as cruel as wild beasts. ? Children could be very trying. (傷腦筋 ) 二 . may, might 1） 表示許可，允許，譯為“可以”（正式場合） ? You may take the book home. ? People may not pick flowers in the park. ? I’d like to ask a question if I may ask. ? May I watch TV tonight? ? Yes, you may. (No, you mustn’t/you’d better not.) ? May I smoke here? ? Yes, please. / please don’t. 2) 表示推測，“或許，可能” 表示一件事或許會發(fā)生，一般用在陳述句中。 ? It may rain tomorrow. ? They may not be there today. ? Fools may ask questions more than wise men can answer. ? Anybody may get ill. 注： may 指 事實 上的可能性 , can 指 邏輯 上的可能性 Mr. Smith looks pale. He may be ill. Mr. Smith is in poor health. He can be ill at any time. 3) 表示祝愿 ? May our friendship live long! May you succeed! ? May you have a good time! May you be happy! 4) 常用在目的狀語從句或讓步狀語從句中 ? Get up early so that we may catch the first bus. ? She went by air that she might /could arrive earlier. ? Whoever he may be, he should ob
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