【正文】 成都理工大學(xué)工程技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 攀枝花市主干道沿線工程擋土墻設(shè)計(jì) 作者姓名： 專業(yè)名稱： 土木工程 指導(dǎo)教師： 講師 成都理工大學(xué)工程技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 I 摘要 扶壁式擋土墻是一種鋼筋混凝土薄壁式擋土墻，其主要特點(diǎn)是構(gòu)造簡(jiǎn)單、施工方便，墻身斷面較小，自身質(zhì)量輕，可以較好的發(fā)揮材料的強(qiáng)度性能，能適應(yīng)承載力較低的地基。相對(duì)懸臂式擋土墻受力更好，適用 6～ 12m 高的填方邊坡，可有效地防止填方邊坡的滑動(dòng)。 本設(shè)計(jì)剖析了擋土墻的作用原理；分析了擋土墻的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀、研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)；并完成了該扶壁式擋土墻的總體設(shè)計(jì)（主要尺寸的擬 定）、荷載及土壓力的計(jì)算， 內(nèi)力計(jì)算，滑移穩(wěn)定計(jì)算，傾覆穩(wěn)定計(jì)算，地基承載力計(jì)算，結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算 ；并進(jìn)一步根據(jù)地質(zhì)條件和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)要求進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。以求達(dá)到安全適用的目的，尋求最佳經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。 關(guān)鍵詞：扶壁式擋土墻、土壓力、荷載計(jì)算、結(jié)構(gòu)、施工 攀枝花市主干道沿線工程擋土墻設(shè)計(jì) II ABSTRACT Buttressed retaining wall is a kind of reinforced concrete thin wall type retaining wall, its main characteristic is simple structure, convenient construction, wall body section is small, its quality is light, can better play to the strength of the material properties, and can adapt to the low bearing capacity of foundation. Relative cantilever retaining wall stress better, it is suitable for 6 ~ 12 m high embankment slope, can effectively prevent the fill slope sliding. The design analyzes the principle of retaining wall。 Analyzes the present situation of the application of retaining wall, research status and development trend。 And plete the overall design of the buttressed retaining wall (proposed) main dimensions, load and the calculation of earth pressure, internal force calculation and sliding stability calculation, overturning stability calculation of foundation bearing capacity calculation, structural calculation. And to further optimize design according to the geological conditions and the field requirement. In order to achieve the goal of safe using, seeking the best economic benefits. KEY WORDS: Buttressed retaining wall, earth pressure, load calculation, structure, construction 攀枝花市主干道沿線工程擋土墻設(shè)計(jì) III 目錄 摘要 .............................................................................................................I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................ II 前言 ............................................................................................................ 1 第一章 擋土墻概述 .................................................................................... 2 1． 1 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)課題 —— 擋土墻的概述 .................................................... 2 1． 2擋土墻的類型及適用條件 .............................................................. 3 1． 2． 1 重力式擋土墻 ................................................................... 3 1． 2． 2 懸臂式擋土墻 ................................................................... 3 1． 2． 3 扶壁式擋土墻 ................................................................... 3 1． 2． 4 錨定板及錨桿式擋土墻 ..................................................... 4 1． 2． 5 加筋土擋土墻 ................................................................... 4 1． 2． 6 土釘墻 ............................................................................. 4 1． 3 設(shè)計(jì)給定的工程地質(zhì)條件 ............................................................. 5 1． 4 支擋結(jié)構(gòu)的方案設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................... 6 1． 5 墻后回填土的選擇 ........................................................................ 6 第二章 公路擋土墻設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................. 7 2． 1 邊坡穩(wěn)定性分析 .................................................................................. 7 2． 2． 1 土壓力計(jì)算 ....................................................................... 9 2． 2． 2 抗滑移穩(wěn)定性驗(yàn)算 ............................................................ 9 2． 2． 3 抗傾覆穩(wěn)定性驗(yàn)算 .......................................................... 10 2． 2． 4 地基承載力驗(yàn)算 .............................................................. 10 2． 3 扶壁式擋土墻的 設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................. 11 2． 3． 1 墻身構(gòu)造設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................. 12 2． 3． 2 截面尺寸擬定 ................................................................. 12 2． 3． 3 土壓力的計(jì)算 ................................................................ 14 2． 3． 4 墻面板設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ............................................................. 15 2． 3． 5 墻踵板設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .............................................................. 20 2． 3． 6 扶肋設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ................................................................ 24 2． 3． 7 容許應(yīng)力驗(yàn)算 ................................................................. 26 2． 3． 8 配筋設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................... 29 2． 4 施工設(shè)計(jì)方案比選 ...................................................................... 34 2． 5 扶壁式擋墻結(jié)構(gòu)加固措施 ........................................................... 34 攀枝花市主干道沿線工程擋土墻設(shè)計(jì) IV 2． 5． 1 基底拓展 ........................................................................ 35 2． 5． 2 排水設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................ 35 2． 5． 3 沉降縫和伸縮縫的設(shè)置 ................................................... 36 第三章 總結(jié) ............................................................................................ 37 致謝 .......................................................................................................... 38 設(shè)計(jì)參考文獻(xiàn) ............................................................................................ 39 附件一 孔隙水壓力作用下土坡的極限分析 ............................................... 40 成都理工大學(xué)工程技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 1 前言 擋土墻是一種能夠抵抗側(cè)向土壓力，防止墻后土體坍塌的建筑物。在公路工程中可用以穩(wěn)定路堤和路塹邊坡，減少土石方工程量，防止水流沖刷路基，同時(shí)也常被用于整治滑坡崩坍路基病害 ，是用來支撐天然邊坡或人工填土邊坡以保持土體穩(wěn)定的建筑物。在公路工程中，它廣泛應(yīng)用于支撐路堤或路塹邊坡、隧道洞口 、橋梁兩端及河流岸壁等。 擋土墻可分很多類別，按作用分可分為：路肩墻、路堤墻、路塹墻、山坡墻、隧道及明洞口擋土墻、橋梁兩端擋墻等；按結(jié)構(gòu)分可分為：重力式擋土墻、錨定式擋土墻、薄壁式擋土墻、加筋土擋土墻、其它擋土墻（柱板式擋土墻、樁板式擋土墻、垛式擋土墻）等。 在眾多擋土墻中重力式擋土墻可分為三類：普通重力式擋墻、不帶衡重臺(tái)的折線墻背式重力擋墻和衡重式擋墻。 選擇擋土墻設(shè)計(jì)方案時(shí)，應(yīng)與其它方案進(jìn)行技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)比較。例如，采用路塹或山坡?lián)跬翂?，常須與隧道、明洞或刷緩邊坡的方案作比較；采用路堤或路肩擋土墻，有時(shí) 須與棧橋或陡坡填方等相比較