【正文】 摘要 :唐泰斯和希刺克利夫分別是復(fù)仇小說(shuō)《基督山伯爵》和《呼嘯山莊》中的主人公，唐泰斯歷來(lái)被世人視為 “天神 ”的化身，而希刺克利夫則被看作是 “惡魔 ”的代表。其實(shí)，同為復(fù)仇者，他們本質(zhì)上是一致的，他們身上交織著愛(ài)恨情仇，他們都有著頑強(qiáng)的毅力，都選擇了金錢(qián)作為自己復(fù)仇的工具，并且最后兩人都獲得了一定程度上的新生。 關(guān)鍵詞 :復(fù)仇 。唐泰斯 。希刺克利夫 產(chǎn)生于 19世紀(jì) 40 年代的《基督山伯爵》和《呼嘯山莊》都是以復(fù)仇為主題的小說(shuō)，因?yàn)槠渖羁痰乃枷雰?nèi)容和精湛的創(chuàng)作技巧而在世界文學(xué)史上占據(jù)了非常重要的地位。小說(shuō)中兩 位復(fù)仇者形象也倍受人關(guān)注。然而，唐泰斯的復(fù)仇被披上正義神圣的外衣，他被視為復(fù)仇天神。而希刺克利夫卻被世人痛恨，認(rèn)為他是一個(gè)十惡不赦、人性泯滅的惡魔。就連夏洛蒂在給艾米莉的遺作寫(xiě)序時(shí)也這樣說(shuō)， “只有希刺克利夫才真正是百罪莫贖，在他那直奔地獄的道路上從沒(méi)有一次偏離過(guò)方向。 ” 《呼嘯山莊》是一出愛(ài)情悲劇。作者的全部心血凝聚在希剌克 厲夫形象的塑造上。小說(shuō)的情節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)是依照希剌克 厲夫的愛(ài) 恨 復(fù)仇 人性的復(fù)蘇而展開(kāi)的。場(chǎng)景時(shí)而陰云密布時(shí)而鬼哭狼嚎，時(shí)而暴風(fēng)驟雨，陰森慘淡，故事始終再神秘氣氛的籠罩下。這個(gè)被剝奪了人間溫暖的棄兒希剌克 厲夫從辛德雷那兒嘗到了皮鞭的痛苦；他忍氣吞聲的屈服，無(wú)法改變自己的命運(yùn)，他只有起來(lái)奮斗反抗，才使自己的命運(yùn)有了轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)。從凱瑟琳對(duì)愛(ài)情的背叛，使他狂熱的愛(ài)化作無(wú)比的恨，他要對(duì)那個(gè)吃人的禮數(shù)社會(huì)，對(duì)剝奪他愛(ài)的金錢(qián)世界進(jìn)行復(fù)仇。而復(fù)仇扭曲了他的人性，他設(shè)計(jì)陰謀，使人破產(chǎn)，把他人財(cái)產(chǎn)占為 己有；他不僅要報(bào)復(fù)同代仇人，還要對(duì)仇人的子孫實(shí)施報(bào)復(fù)。而他的死則是一種殉情，表達(dá)了他對(duì)凱瑟琳生死不渝的愛(ài)，他的死也表示他的人性的復(fù)蘇，他最終放棄了對(duì)下一代的復(fù)仇計(jì)劃。這里，希剌克 厲夫成為暴虐無(wú)情的魔鬼是那個(gè)吃人的社會(huì)所造成的。而希剌克 厲夫的人性復(fù)蘇則市作者人道主義思想的反映。可以說(shuō)，作者在這個(gè)人物身上寄托了自己的全部憤慨、激情、力量、同情和理想；凱瑟琳是作者塑造的另一個(gè)心儀的人物，她有希剌克 厲夫一樣的反叛精神，一個(gè)莊園小姐不顧門(mén)第愛(ài)上一個(gè)野氣十足的棄兒；她始終愛(ài)著希剌克 厲夫，即使她嫁了人，依然有情于 他。她說(shuō)： “在這個(gè)世界上，我最大的悲痛就是希剌克 厲夫的悲痛 …… 我對(duì)林敦的愛(ài)像樹(shù)林中的葉子 …… 我對(duì)希剌克 厲夫的愛(ài)恰似地面的巖石。但由于她一時(shí)軟弱、虛榮和愚蠢，葬送了自己的青春、愛(ài)情和生命，她毀了希剌克 厲夫和差一點(diǎn)傷害了下一代。作者對(duì)這個(gè)人物有同情，有憤慨，有鞭策，有惋惜。 《呼嘯山莊》被認(rèn)為是英國(guó)小說(shuō)史上一部最奇特的小說(shuō)，最具有藝術(shù)震撼力的小說(shuō)之一，原因是那時(shí)代的傷感憂(yōu)郁情調(diào)小說(shuō)風(fēng)行，沒(méi)有像《呼嘯山莊》表達(dá)出來(lái)的那種狂飆般的愛(ài)和憎，這種情感才是人類(lèi)情感的極至，惟有極至化的性格、情感和經(jīng)歷的人才能打 動(dòng)我們讀者的心弦，作品才會(huì)取得永恒祭臺(tái)的位置。 Published in 1847, WUTHERING HEIGHTS was not well received by the reading public, many of whom condemned it as sordid, vulgar, and unnaturaland author Emily Bronte went to her grave in 1848 believing that her only novel was a failure. It was not until 1850, when WUTHERING HEIGHTS received a second printing with an introduction by Emily39。s sister Charlotte, that it attracted a wide readership. And from that point the reputation of the book has never looked back. Today it is widely recognized as one of the great novels of English literature. Even so, WUTHERING HEIGHTS continues to divide readers. It is not a pretty love story。 rather, it is swirling tale of largely unlikeable people caught up in obsessive love that turns to dark madness. It is cruel, violent, dark and brooding, and many people find it extremely unpleasant. And yetit possesses a grandeur of language and design, a sense of tremendous pity and great loss that sets it apart from virtually every other novel written. The novel is told in the form of an extended flashback. After a visit to his strange landlord, a newer to the area desires to know the history of the familywhich he receives from Nelly Deans, a servant who introduces us to the Earnshaw family who once resided in the house known as Wuthering Heights. It was once a cheerful place, but Old Earnshaw adopted a Gipsy child who he named Heathcliff. And Catherine, daughter of the house, found in him the perfect panion: wild, rude, and as proud and cruel as she. But although Catherine loves him, even recognizes him as her soulmate, she cannot lower herself to marry so far below her social station. She instead marries another, and in so doing sets in motion an obsession that will destroy them all. WUTHERING HEIGHTS is a bit difficult to get into。 the opening chapters are so dark in their portrait of the end result of this obsessive love that they are somewhat offputting. But they feed into the flow of the work in a remarkable way, setting the stage for one of the most remarkable structures in all of literature, a story that circles upon itself in a series of repetitions as it plays out across two generations. Catherine and Heathcliff are equally remarkable, both vicious and cruel, and yet never able to shed their impossible love no matter how brutally one may wound the other. As the novel coils further into alcoholism, seduction, and one of the most elaborately imagined plans of revenge it gathers into a ghostly tone: Heathcliff, driven to madness by a woman who is not there but who seems reflected in every part of his worlddragging her corpse from the grave, hearing her calling to him from the moors, escalating his brutality not for the sake of brutality but so that her memory will never fade, so that she may never leave his mind until death itself. Yes, this is madness, insanity, and there is no peace this side of the grave or even beyond. Many people in the world are trying to find a perfect of these may marry and not know what their new husband or wife is kind of situation often leads to separation or hostility. Other situations may develop between two friends that stem from jealousy, desire for revenge, uncaring parents, etc. Emily Bront235。39。s Wuthering Heights displays several characteristics of destructive relationships. Three of these are uncaring parents, marriage without knowing the person, and jealousy. Uncaring or unsympathizing parents are shown throughout this story to be an element of destructive relationships. Because Heathcliff gained all the attention from Mr. Earnshaw, Hindley became disassociated from his father. This separation continued until after Mr. Earnshaw had example is between Hindley and Hareton. Hindley became such a drunk and a gambler that he could not properly care for young Hareton. This led to a separation between Hareton and his father as well. One primary example of an uncaring parent is shown between Heathcliff and his son did not even want his son for anything except enacting a part of his revenge. This is shown by Linton39。s fear of Heathcliff and Heathcliff39。s enmity toward his son. Linton even says ... my father threatened me, and I dread him I dread him!(244) to express his feeling about hostility and separation between father and son in this book shows t