【正文】 1 1000VA 后備式 UPS 電源設(shè)計 摘 要 隨著信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展， UPS 逐漸被廣泛地應(yīng)用于銀行、證券、軍事、醫(yī)療、 航 2 空航天等眾多領(lǐng)域。然而， 我國 目前 僅有少數(shù)地區(qū)剛剛解決了電力緊張的問題，大部分地區(qū)和大城市還面臨著電力供應(yīng)緊張的迫切問題，供電質(zhì)量更是不能得到保證。但即使是在早已實現(xiàn)電氣 現(xiàn)代 化的美國和其它 發(fā)達(dá) 國家，電網(wǎng)的質(zhì)量 也是非常重要的 。由于電網(wǎng)本身的問題與各種偶然因素的作用，電壓浪涌，電磁噪聲，持續(xù)電壓偏高，持續(xù)低壓等電網(wǎng)不良現(xiàn)象在發(fā)達(dá)國家 也是 時有發(fā)生 ，甚至還可能發(fā)生短時間停電。來自電網(wǎng)的不良因素還有，電源電壓瞬時或長時間的下陷、浪涌和中斷；電源頻率的漂移和不穩(wěn)；電源輸入波形畸變；各種尖峰干擾和噪音 等 等。這一切對于高精度的敏感儀器和不能中斷的設(shè)備來說是非常 有害 的。 因此研發(fā)一種可靠的電源就顯得尤其重要，而 UPS 是一種很好的電力資源 ,UPS 起始是單純的作為一種備用電源，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一種具備穩(wěn)壓、穩(wěn)頻、抗電磁和射頻干擾、抗電壓浪涌等功能的電力保護(hù)系統(tǒng)。因此對 UPS 電源的研究是順應(yīng)社會發(fā)展的趨勢，而后備式 UPS電源發(fā)展的較早，技術(shù)相對比較成熟， 而且具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、經(jīng)濟(jì)實惠、安全可靠等優(yōu)點而在社會上應(yīng)用的比較廣泛，所以對后備式 UPS 的研究就顯得尤為重要。 本文首先對當(dāng)前 UPS 的所有形式進(jìn)行分析、綜合，在其基礎(chǔ)上確定了主電路拓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，并提出了一套基于 SPWM 控制的單相后備式 UPS 電源的設(shè)計方案。在此基礎(chǔ)上本文采用模塊化的設(shè)計方法，先將其分成幾個功能模塊，然后按照一定的次序，對各個功能模塊進(jìn)行分析論證，并針對本文研究課題篩選出一套適合本文要求的方案。 在對各個功能模塊進(jìn)行篩選的過程中，本文對各個功能模塊的特點及其發(fā)展進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的介紹。與此同時，本文還通過一 定的算法根據(jù)本文的要求計算選擇功能電子元器件。 最后，文章還對 UPS 各種輔助電路的設(shè)計進(jìn)行了全面的描述，并詳細(xì)的分析了各個電路組成、功能與工作原理。 關(guān)鍵詞 :不間斷電源，逆變，模塊化設(shè)計，功能模塊、 SPWM控制技術(shù) Abstract Along with the information technology development, UPS widely is applied gradually in the bank, the negotiable securities, the military, the medical service, the 3 aerospace and so on the multitudinous domain. However, our country only had the minority area just to solve the electric power tense problem at present, the majority of areas and the big city also faced the electric power supply tense urgent question, the power supply quality cannot obtain the guarantee. But even if is already is realizing electrical modernization US and other developed countries, the electrical work quality also is must often important. As a result of the electrical work itself question with each kind of accidental factor function, the voltage surge, the electromagism noise, continues the voltage to be high, continues electrical work undesirable tendency and so on the low pressure also is sometimes occurs in the developed country, even also possibly has the short time power cut. Comes from the electrical work not good factor also to have, the supply voltage flickers now and then the long time to undercut, the surge and the severance。 The supply frequency drifting and is not steady。 Mains input waveform distortion。 Each kind of peak disturbance and noise and so on. All these the equipment which and cannot sever regarding the high accuracy sensitive instrument said is extremely harmful. Therefore researches and develops one kind of reliable power source to appear especially importantly, but UPS is one kind of very good electric power resources,The UPS outset is the pure achievement one kind of emergency power supply, but now already developed into one kind to have function the and so on constant voltage, steady frequency, anti electromagism and radiofrequency interference, anti voltage surge electric power protection system. Therefore is plies with the social development to the UPS power source research the tendency, but the reserve UPS power source develops early, technology relative quite mature, moreover has the structure simply, economical, safe reliable and so on the merit but the application quite is widespread in the society, therefore appears to the reserve UPS research especially importantly. Therefore this article plied with the UPS current development tendency, proposes one kind based on PWM the control technology singlephase reserve UPS power source design method. This article first carries on the analysis, the synthesis to current UPS all forms, had determined in its foundation the main circuit develops makes up the structure, and proposed a set based on PWM the control singlephase reserve UPS power source design proposal. This article uses modular in this foundation the design method, divides into first it several functions modules, then according to the certain order, carries on the analysis 4 proof to each function module, and aims at this article to study the topic to screen a set to suit the plan which this article requests. In carries on screening to each function module in the process, this article carries on the detailed introduction to each function module characteristic and its the development. At the same time, this article also through certain algorithm basis this article request putation choice function electron primary device. Finally, the article also to the UPS each kind of auxiliary circuit, like the accessory power supply, the UPS control protection system, the contravariant actuation electric circuit and so on the design has carried on the prehensive description, and detailed analysis each electric circuit position, function and principle of work. Key Word: UPS , inversion, modular design, function module, PWM control technology 目 錄 第一章 緒論 ????????????????????????? 1 課題的提出及意義 ??????????????????? 1 5 UPS 技術(shù)發(fā)展過程 ??????????????????? 2 UPS 的組成 ???????? ??????????? 3 UPS 最新發(fā)展動向 ???? ???????????? 5 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 ????????????????? 7 的分類 ??????????????? ???? 7 本文的選題背景及主要研究工作 ???????????? 8 選題背景及研究的意義 ????????????? 8 本文的主要內(nèi)容 ???????????????? ? 9 第二章 單相后備式 UPS電源的設(shè)計 … ????????? ???? 10 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計指標(biāo) ?????????????? ?????? 10 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè) 計方案 ????????????????? 12 主電路的設(shè)計 ???????????? ???????? 13 交流自動穩(wěn)壓控制電路的 ?????? ?????? 13 SPWM控制電路的設(shè)計 ?????? ???????? 14 逆變電路的設(shè)計 ????????? ??????? 17 蓄電池選擇 ?????? ???????????? 19 充電電路的設(shè)計 ??????? ?????????? 21 整流濾波電路的設(shè)計 ?????? ????????? 23 轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)電路的設(shè) ??????? ?? ? ??? ?? 24 本章小結(jié) ? ??????? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ? ????? ? 27 第三章 輔助電源及保護(hù)、檢測單元的設(shè)計 ??