【正文】 I 煤礦 35/10KV 變電所供電系統(tǒng) 設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 35kV 變電所是整個(gè)煤礦供電系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，它為全礦提供電力保障。變電所供電系統(tǒng)的可靠運(yùn)行對(duì)提高煤礦經(jīng)濟(jì)效益及保證安全生產(chǎn)等方面都有十分重要的意義。 本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文是關(guān)于某 A煤礦供電系統(tǒng)的初步設(shè)計(jì)。設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容主要包括負(fù)荷計(jì)算、變壓器選型、主接線設(shè)計(jì)、短路計(jì)算、電氣設(shè)備選 型 、 微機(jī) 保護(hù)整定、變電所的防雷保護(hù)與接地等。根據(jù)負(fù)荷統(tǒng)計(jì)的結(jié)果，用需用系數(shù)法進(jìn)行負(fù)荷計(jì)算和無(wú)功補(bǔ)償。根據(jù)負(fù)荷計(jì)算的結(jié)果確定出該變電所主變壓器的臺(tái)數(shù)、容量及型號(hào)。用標(biāo)幺值法對(duì)供電系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行 短路電流計(jì)算，為電氣設(shè)備的選擇及校驗(yàn)提供數(shù)據(jù)。根據(jù)煤礦供電系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)，制定變電所的主接線方式、運(yùn)行方式、 微機(jī) 保護(hù)方案等?？紤]到電氣設(shè)備可能的漏電現(xiàn)象及變電所遭到雷擊，還要對(duì)變電所進(jìn)行保護(hù)接地和防雷保護(hù)的設(shè)計(jì)。 關(guān)鍵字： 變電所；短路電流計(jì)算； 微機(jī) 保護(hù)；防雷保護(hù) II 35/10KV Power System Design of Substation in Coal Mine Abstract 35kV substation is an important part of the coal mine supply system, which provides power protection for the whole mine. Reliable operation of the substation power supply system is very important and significant for economic efficiency and safety production of coal mine. This graduation project is about power systems preliminary design of A Coal Mine. The design includes load calculations, transformer selection, the main wiring design, short circuit calculations, electrical equipment selection, microputer protection setting, substation lightning protection and grounding. According to the results of load statistics, make load calculation with demanding coefficient method. Determine the number of the main transformer, load capacity and type of the transformer based on the results of load calculation. Calculate short circuit current for power supply system with Perunit value method in order to provide data for the selection and verification of electrical equipment. According to the characteristics of coalpowered systems, make substation main wiring, mode of operation, relay protection programs and so on. Taking the possible leakage phenomenon of electrical equipment and substation was struck by lightning into account, make grounding and lightning protection for substation. Keywords: substation。 short circuit calculations。microputer protection。 lightning protection III 目 錄 摘 要 ................................................................... I Abstract ................................................................ II 前 言 ................................................................... 1 第一章 概 述 ............................................................ 2 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容 .......................................................... 2 煤礦概述 .......................................................... 2 第二章 負(fù)荷計(jì)算和無(wú)功補(bǔ)償 ............................................... 3 負(fù)荷計(jì)算的目的 .................................................... 3 負(fù)荷計(jì)算方法 ...................................................... 3 用電設(shè)備組計(jì)算負(fù)荷的確定 .................................... 3 多個(gè)用電設(shè)備組的計(jì)算負(fù)荷 .................................... 4 負(fù)荷計(jì)算過程 ...................................................... 5 各用電設(shè)備組負(fù)荷計(jì)算 ......................................... 5 10kV 側(cè)補(bǔ)償前的總計(jì)算負(fù)荷 ................................... 20 無(wú)功補(bǔ)償 ......................................................... 20 無(wú)功補(bǔ)償計(jì)算 ............................................... 20 第三章 .變電所主變壓器選型 ............................................... 23 變電所主變壓器的選型原則 ......................................... 23 主變壓 器容量選型原則 ....................................... 23 變壓器臺(tái)數(shù)選型原則 ......................................... 24 變壓器的功率損耗 ................................................. 26 變壓器的有功功率損耗計(jì)算 ................................... 27 變壓器的無(wú)功功率損耗 ........................................ 27 35kV 側(cè)全礦計(jì)算負(fù)荷及功率因數(shù)校驗(yàn) ................................ 28 IV 變壓器經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行分析方法 ........................................... 28 無(wú)功功率經(jīng)濟(jì)當(dāng)量的概念 ...................................... 28 變壓器的經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行 ............................................ 29 第四章 .電氣主接線設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 33 對(duì)主接線的基本要求 ............................................... 33 本所電氣主接線方案的確定 ......................................... 33 第五章 .短路電流分析與計(jì)算 ............................................... 35 短路的概述 ....................................................... 35 短路的種類 ................................................. 35 短路電流計(jì)算的目的 ......................................... 36 短路電流的危害 ................................................... 37 短路電流計(jì)算的目的與基本條件 ..................................... 37 進(jìn)行短路計(jì)算得基本假設(shè) ..................................... 37 無(wú)限大容量電源系統(tǒng)三相短路電 流計(jì)算 ............................... 38 標(biāo)幺值計(jì)算的概念及優(yōu)點(diǎn) ..................................... 38 短路電流計(jì)算中用到的相關(guān)物理量 ............................. 38 短路功率 Sk ................................................. 39 各路徑元件阻抗計(jì)算公式 ...................................... 40 各元件短路阻抗標(biāo)幺值計(jì)算 .................................... 40 短路電流計(jì)算過程 ................................................. 42 短路電流計(jì)算公式 ............................................ 42 最大運(yùn)行方式 ................................................ 43 最小運(yùn)行方式 ................................................ 46 短路計(jì)算參數(shù)匯總表 ......................................... 49 第六章 .變電所一次設(shè)備的選型與校驗(yàn) ....................................... 51 高壓電氣設(shè)備選型原則 ............................................. 51 高壓開關(guān)柜設(shè)備的選型及校驗(yàn) ....................................... 52 35kV 側(cè)高壓開關(guān)柜的選型及校驗(yàn) .............................. 52 V 10kV 側(cè)高壓開關(guān)柜的選 型及校驗(yàn) .............................. 58 設(shè)備選型匯總表 ................................................... 62 第七章 .電力線路的選型 ................................................... 64 概述 ............................................................. 64 電力線路選型的原則 ............................................... 64 供電可靠性 ................................................. 64 操作方便，運(yùn)行安全靈活 ..................................... 64 經(jīng)濟(jì)合理 ................................................... 64 具有 發(fā)展的可能性 ........................................... 65 35KV 架空線的選型與校驗(yàn) .......................................... 65 10kV 電纜及架空線的選型與校驗(yàn) ......