【正文】 本科畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 題 目 氣力式小型除雪機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué) 院 工學(xué)院 專 業(yè) 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化 班 級(jí) 機(jī)制 05 班 學(xué) 號(hào) 111101010519 學(xué)生姓名 王廣健 指導(dǎo)教師 王偉鋒 完成日期 西安思源學(xué)院教務(wù)處制 二〇一五年四月 西安思源學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） I 中文摘要 我國(guó)疆土寬廣，地域奇特，南方以細(xì)雨綿綿，北方有茫茫雪城，有些地區(qū)為降雪頻繁區(qū)，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的降雪，導(dǎo)致道路不通暢，及其巧合下，南方也會(huì)出現(xiàn)大雪圍城的災(zāi)害，這些問(wèn)題給人們?nèi)粘Ｉ顜?lái)了很多困難。就現(xiàn)在而言，我國(guó)處理雪的方式比較原始，主要?jiǎng)趧?dòng)力還是人力，適用一些工具來(lái)清理積雪，這種方式在浪費(fèi)極大的人力和物力的同時(shí)，清雪效果還不好，不能及時(shí)的清掃積雪，導(dǎo)致壓榨后的積雪更難清理。因此，我們要尋找一種高效，而成本不高的清雪方 法成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。 本文研究 的對(duì)象為 氣力式小型除雪機(jī) 的結(jié)構(gòu) 設(shè)計(jì)， 通過(guò) 對(duì)鏟雪裝置進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及氣力傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)， 設(shè)計(jì) 出 一種 規(guī)模小 氣動(dòng)式清雪車， 用于工作環(huán)境，家庭，社區(qū)道路積雪的清除，從而方便人們出行，免去可預(yù)知的安全問(wèn)題。 通過(guò)本題目設(shè)計(jì)，也能夠進(jìn)一步理解機(jī)械原理、農(nóng)用機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)、氣壓傳動(dòng)等專業(yè)課程知識(shí)，掌握專用機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)的原理和方法。 關(guān)鍵詞： 氣力式 除雪機(jī) 初雪鏟 機(jī)構(gòu) 氣缸； 西安思源學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） II Abstract At present our Guoqing snow pared to the original approach, mainly rely on the human, with the shovel and a broom to clean the snow, this way is not only a waste of a large manpower and material resources, but also the efficiency of cleaning snow is low, often can not be timely cleared of snow, and snow was more difficult to remove the vehicle after paction. Therefore, searching for a means to have higher efficiency, snow cleaning method has lower cost has bee imperative. Most areas of northern China caused by heavy snow, heavy snow blocked the road hazards, is surrounded by snow disaster and even the emergence of the south, great difficult to bring to people39。s daily life. At present, our country except in limited several highways and airports are equipped with the snow clearing machinery, other roads and urban residents living areas of snow also rely mainly on human to clear, but because of artificial snow removal efficiency is very low, the timeconsuming, so the vast majority of snow can only rely on the natural melt, this makes the most area of our country the north in a heavy snow, road traffic accidents occur frequently, which cause enormous economic losses and casualties, and some local traffic even because of snow and blockage phenomenon, to the residents of these areas of life has brought great inconvenience, also had a negative effect on the economic development of the region. Therefore, realize the mechanization of the snow removing is important. Keywords: Pneumatic type Except design snow machine Cylinder 西安思源學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） III 目錄 1 緒論 .......................................................................................................................... 5 本課題研究的意義與目的 ................................................................................ 5 國(guó)內(nèi)外除雪機(jī)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 .................................................................................... 6 國(guó)內(nèi)除雪機(jī)械的發(fā)展方向 ................................................................................ 8 本文的工作安排 ............................................................................................... 9 2 氣力式小型除雪機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)的總體方案 ................................................................ 10 總體設(shè)計(jì)的基本原則及要求 .......................................................................... 10 機(jī)構(gòu)的總體設(shè)計(jì)原則 ............................................................................... 10 機(jī)構(gòu)總體布置設(shè)計(jì)基本要求 ................................................................... 11 除雪機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)方案 .............................................................................................. 11 總體方案選擇 ............................................................................................ 11 機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)方案 ........................................................................................ 12 本章小結(jié) .......................................................................................................... 13 3 除雪鏟機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................ 14 除雪鏟鏟板的設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................... 14 除雪鏟板的示意圖 ................................................................................... 14 鏟雪板結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)確定 ................................................................................ 15 前鏟機(jī)械避障裝置設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................. 17 避障機(jī)構(gòu)的方案 ...................................................................................... 17 避障機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................... 17 4 氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與校核 ................................................................................ 20 氣動(dòng)傳動(dòng)原理 .................................................................................................. 20 氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)元件的選擇 ...................................................................................... 20 氣缸的選擇 ................................................................................................ 21 空壓機(jī)的選擇 ........................................................................................... 22 西安思源學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） IV 控制元件的選擇 .....................................................