【正文】 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 題 目： 立式車床輔助變速箱設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)生姓名： 史 世 偉 系 別： 機(jī)械與電氣工程系 專業(yè)年級(jí)： 11 機(jī)械專升本 1 班 指導(dǎo)教師： 劉 慶 2020 年 6 月 20 日 中國(guó)石油大學(xué)勝利學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (論文 ) 摘 要 變速器是一種由原動(dòng)機(jī)和工作機(jī)之間獨(dú)立的閉式機(jī)械傳動(dòng)裝置，能夠降低原動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速或增大扭矩。本課題根據(jù)雙柱立式車床工作臺(tái)的轉(zhuǎn)速要求，設(shè)計(jì)了功率為 55kW的輔助變速箱，可以使工作臺(tái)獲得 — 。 本輔助變速箱采用傳統(tǒng)的齒輪傳動(dòng)裝置，變速箱由主、輔兩部分減速器組成，在輔助變速部分，可以利用雙聯(lián)滑移齒輪、三聯(lián)滑 移齒輪、撥叉、液壓油缸來實(shí)現(xiàn)其變速。通過液壓油缸的通、回油使撥叉撥動(dòng)滑移齒輪使不同的齒輪嚙合以實(shí)現(xiàn)不同的減速比，從而達(dá)到變速的目的。 在輔助變速箱的總體設(shè)計(jì)上，根據(jù)工作臺(tái)轉(zhuǎn)速的要求，首先設(shè)置了傳動(dòng)路線，然后通過選取不同齒數(shù)的齒輪，畫出了轉(zhuǎn)速圖。在變速箱的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)上，參考了相應(yīng)的圖冊(cè)和手冊(cè)，并對(duì)其中重要的傳動(dòng)件進(jìn)行了校核。 設(shè)計(jì)的總原則是使 輔助變速箱在滿足承載能力及強(qiáng)度要求條件下，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，重量輕，效率最高、體積最小、潤(rùn)滑條件最佳，成本低，維修方便。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 雙柱立式車床；輔助變速箱；減速器；滑移齒輪 中國(guó)石油大學(xué)勝利學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (論文 ) Abstract The speed chang gear is one kind of the independent closed type mechanical drive which locates between the prime mover and the working machine. It can reduce the prime mover rotational speed or increase the torque. This topic according to the doublecolumn type vertical lathe workbench speed requirements， has designed of a power auxiliary gearbox 55kW which can make workbench obtain r/min speed between 18 levels. The auxiliary gearbox adopts the traditional gear transmission device， transmission by main, auxiliary two parts reducer. In the auxiliary transmission parts, can use double sliding gears, threecouple sliding gears, fork, hydraulic cylinder to realize its speed. Through the hydraulic oil cylinder, makes sliding gears click to different gear to realize the different reduction ratio, so as to achieve the different speed. In the overall design of the auxiliary gearbox, according to the requirement of workbench speed, firstly, we set the transmission line, and then choose different binations of gears according to different reduction ratios, at last we draw the speed diagram. In the structure design of the auxiliary gearbox, we refered to the corresponding pictures and manual, and some important transmission parts are checked. The design total principle is causes the auxiliary gearbox in to satisfy the bearing capacity and under the intensity request condition, the structure is pact, the weight is light, the efficiency is highest, the volume is smallest, the lubrication condition is best, the cost is low, the service is convenient. Key words: Doublecolumn Type Vertical Lathe。 Auxiliary Gearbox。 Gear Reducer。 Sliding Gear 中國(guó)石油大學(xué)勝利學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (論文 ) 目 錄 第一章 引 言 ........................................................................................................... 1 課題的背景和意義 ............................................................................................ 1 變速器國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展?fàn)顩r .................................................................................... 1 國(guó)內(nèi)變速器現(xiàn)狀 ......................................................................................... 1 國(guó)外變速器現(xiàn)狀 ......................................................................................... 3 變速器的市場(chǎng)發(fā)展前景 .................................................................................... 3 第二章 傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................. 4 傳動(dòng)路線設(shè)置 .................................................................................................... 4 電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇 ..................................................................................................... 4 轉(zhuǎn)速圖及齒數(shù)選擇 ............................................................................................. 5 轉(zhuǎn)速圖的總體設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................... 5 齒輪齒數(shù)選擇 ............................................................................................. 5 第三章 軸、齒輪、軸承和鍵的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算及校核 .................................................. 8 花鍵軸的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................... 8 花鍵軸的初步設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................... 8 花鍵軸的結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性 ................................................................................. 8 花鍵軸的校核 .................................................................................................... 9 花鍵軸的設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................. 9 齒輪的校核 ....................................................................................................... 12 軸承的選擇 ...................................................................................................... 14 軸承的校核 ....................................................................................................... 15 軸承 的壽命計(jì)算 ....................................................................................... 15 Ⅰ軸的軸承校核 .............