【正文】 1 大連海事大學(xué) 畢 業(yè) 論 文 二○一四年六月 ┊┊┊┊┊┊┊裝┊┊┊┊┊┊┊訂┊┊┊┊┊┊┊線┊┊┊┊┊┊┊ 基于單片機(jī)的倉(cāng)庫(kù)溫度監(jiān)測(cè) 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與制作 專(zhuān)業(yè)班級(jí)： 電子信息科學(xué)與技術(shù) 1 班 姓 名： 王振華 指導(dǎo)教師： 金國(guó)華 信息科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院 I 摘 要 本設(shè)計(jì)是基于 AT89C51 單片機(jī)的多路倉(cāng)庫(kù)溫度監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與制作。利用三個(gè) DS18B20 分別采集三路溫度，由 LCD1602 液晶顯示屏實(shí)時(shí)顯示路數(shù)和該路的溫度，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì) 倉(cāng)庫(kù)溫度的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)。 本設(shè)計(jì)主要包括溫度傳感器 DS18B單片機(jī) AT89C51 和 LCD1602 等器件，硬件電路包括溫度檢測(cè)電路、溫度控制電路和一些接口電路等輔助電路，軟件設(shè)計(jì)主要包括液晶顯示程序、溫度檢測(cè)程序、溫度轉(zhuǎn)換命令子程序、計(jì)算溫度子程序和顯示數(shù)據(jù)刷新子程序幾個(gè)模塊。設(shè)計(jì)電路工作原理為：首先，由三 路 DS18B20 溫度傳感器芯片測(cè)量各路當(dāng)前的溫度，并將結(jié)果分別送入單片機(jī)。然后，通過(guò) AT89C51 單片機(jī)芯片對(duì)送來(lái)的測(cè)量溫度讀數(shù)進(jìn)行計(jì)算和轉(zhuǎn)換，井將此結(jié)果分別送入液晶顯示模塊，如果測(cè)量溫度超過(guò)預(yù)定值，單片 機(jī)同時(shí)也會(huì)把信號(hào)傳遞給報(bào)警電路單元。最后， LCD1602 芯片將送來(lái)的值依次循環(huán)顯示于顯示屏上。借助仿真工具 Proteus 和單片機(jī)編程軟件 Keil 實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)軟、硬件的交互仿真，并進(jìn)行了電路的焊接和調(diào)試，實(shí)現(xiàn)了課題設(shè)計(jì)目的。 關(guān)鍵詞： AT89C51 單片機(jī)；溫度傳感器； DS18B20； LCD1602 II ABSTRACT This design is based on AT89C51 multiplex warehouse temperature monitoring system design and production. Using three DS18B20 temperature senso collected three road, respectively by the LCD1602 LCD realtime display the imlet and the temperature of the chain, realize the realtime monitoring of temperature in the warehouse. The design includes temperature sensor DS18B20,MCU T89C51A,LCD1602 and other circuit includes the temperature sensing circuit,the temperature control circuit,a number of interface circuits and other auxiliary circuits, Software design mainly includes the LCD display program, temperature detection, temperature conversion mand subroutine and display subroutine, calculation temperature data refresh subroutine circure design works as follows:By the four road chip DS18B20 temperature sensor measurement of various current temperature,and the result into this LCD module through the AT89C51,if the measured temperature exceeds a predetermined value,the microcontroller will also send signals to the alarm circuit sends the value of the chips which will be in turn shown on the system interaction simulation of hardware and software has been railized with simulation tools Proteus and SCM programming software author performs the cirtcuit connection and debugging bined with implementing the design goal of the project. Keywords: AT89C51 Microcontroller。Temperature sensor。DS18B20。LCD1602 III 目 錄 第 1 章 緒論 ........................................................................................................ 1 課題研究的背景及意義 ....................................................................... 1 溫度傳感器國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀及水平 ........................................................... 1 課題設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)與目的 ........................................................................... 2 設(shè)計(jì)思路 ............................................................................................... 2 第 2 章 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................. 3 方案設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................... 3 設(shè)計(jì)方案一 ................................................................................ 3 設(shè)計(jì)方案二 ................................................................................ 3 設(shè)計(jì)方案三 ................................................................................ 3 系統(tǒng)整體設(shè)計(jì)方框圖 ........................................................................... 4 第 3 章 電子器件介紹 ........................................................................................ 5 單片機(jī) ................................................................................................... 5 單片機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu) ............................................................................ 5 AT89C51 簡(jiǎn)介 ........................................................................... 5 AT89C51 引腳功能 ................................................................... 6 芯片擦除 .................................................................................... 8 DS18B20 溫度傳感器 .......................................................................... 8 DS18B20 的主要特性 ............................................................... 8 DS18B20 的外形和內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................... 9 DS18B20 工作原理 ................................................................. 13 DS18B20 的外部電源供電方式 ............................................. 14 LCD1602 液晶顯示器 ........................................................................ 15 引腳定義 .................................................................................. 15 指令介紹 .................................................................................. 16 顯示自定義字符 ...................................................................... 16 第 4 章 硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................... 18 系統(tǒng)的硬件組成 ................................................................................. 18 單片機(jī)的典型電路 ............................................................................. 18 時(shí)鐘電路 .................................................................................. 18 復(fù)位電路 .................................................................................. 19 顯示電路 ............................................................................................. 19 IV 溫度檢測(cè)電路 ..................................................................................... 20 溫度報(bào)警電路 ..................................................................................... 20 第 5 章 軟件設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................ 21 主程序 ................................................................................................. 21 溫度檢測(cè)程序 ..................................................................................... 21 DS18B20 初