【正文】 四川理工學院畢業(yè)設計 基于單片機的數(shù)據(jù)采集與傳輸系統(tǒng)設計 四川理工學院 自動化與電子信息 學院 二 O 一三 年 六 月 四川理工學院本科畢業(yè)設計 I 基于單片機的數(shù)據(jù)采集與傳輸系統(tǒng)設計 摘要 ： 本文介紹了基于單片機的數(shù)據(jù)采集 與傳輸系統(tǒng) 的硬件設計和軟件設計，數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)是模擬域與數(shù)字域之間必不可少的紐帶，它的存在具有著非常重要的作用。 本系統(tǒng)應用 ADC0809 作為 高速 數(shù)據(jù)轉換電路使其能夠進行 8 路數(shù)據(jù)實時采集， 實現(xiàn)對采集到的數(shù)據(jù)進行模擬量到數(shù)字量的轉換， 并將 采集到的實時數(shù)據(jù)通過 RS232 傳輸?shù)缴衔?PC 機上。本系統(tǒng) 將比較熱門的 A/D 轉換技術和單片機技術有效的結合，實現(xiàn)了高速的通信和數(shù)據(jù)交換。 系統(tǒng)能夠對多個點進行同時監(jiān)控，且能夠與微機進行通信，可以方便的實現(xiàn)人機對話。 軟件部分應用 VC++編寫控制軟件 ， 對數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)、模數(shù)轉換系統(tǒng)、數(shù)據(jù)顯示、數(shù)據(jù)通信等程序進行了設計。 關鍵詞： 數(shù)據(jù)采集；數(shù)據(jù)傳輸； ADC0809； RS232； 單片機 馬良堯：基于單片機的數(shù)據(jù)采集與傳輸系統(tǒng)設計 II Design of Data Acquisition and Transmission System Based on Single Chip Microputer MA Liangyao (Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China, 643000) Abstract: This article describes the hardware design and software design of the data on which based on signalchip microputer. The data acquisition system is the link between the digital domain and analog domain. It has an very important function. The system applies ADC0809 as a high speed data conversion circuit to 8 road data realtime acquisition, implementation of the collected data to convert the analog quantity to digital quantity, and the transmission of realtime data were collected through RS232 to the upper PC. This system will be popular in the A/D conversion technology and singlechip microputer technology effectively bined, realize the highspeed munication and data exchange. System can carry on the monitoring at the same time, to the multiple points and able to municate with puter, easy to realize the manmachine dialogue. The software is partly programmed with VC++. The software can realize the function of monitoring and controlling the whole system. It designs much program like dataacquisition treatment,datadisplay and datamunication ect. Key words: data acquisition； data transfer ； ADC0809； RS232； single chip microputer 四川理工學院本科畢業(yè)設計 III 目錄 摘要 ........................................................... I ABSTRACT ...................................................... II 第 1章 引 言 .................................................... 1 研究的目的及意義 .............................................................................................1 數(shù)據(jù)采集與數(shù)據(jù)傳輸技術的概述 .....................................................................1 數(shù)據(jù)采集與數(shù)據(jù)傳輸系統(tǒng)的應用 .....................................................................2 本論文研究的主要內容和結構安排 .................................................................3 本章小結 .............................................................................................................4 第 2章 數(shù)據(jù)采集與數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)幕A理論 ............................... 5 數(shù)據(jù)采集的意義和任務 .....................................................................................5 模擬信號數(shù)字化處理基本理論 ..........................................................................5 采樣過程 ...................................................................................................5 采樣定理 ...................................................................................................7 模擬信號的采樣控制方式 .......................................................................8 數(shù)據(jù)傳輸理論基礎 ...........................................................................................10 數(shù)據(jù)傳輸 .................................................................................................10 串行通信接口標準 .................................................................................12 RS232C 接口 ............................................................................................14 串口通信基本接線方法 .........................................................................15 本章小結 ...........................................................................................................18 第 3章 系統(tǒng)的硬件設計 .......................................... 19 系統(tǒng)硬件框圖 ...................................................................................................19 傳感器 ...............................................................................................................19 電壓型溫度傳感器 LM35D ...................................................................19 氣壓傳感器 MPX4115............................................................................20 A/D 轉換電路 .....................................................................................................21 ADC0809 的介紹 .....................................................................................21 ADC0809 時序圖 .....................................................................................23 馬良堯：基于單片機的數(shù)據(jù)采集與傳輸系統(tǒng)設計 IV 單片機電路 .......................................................................................................23 AT89S51 說明 ..........................................................................................24 單片機最小系統(tǒng) .....................................................................................26 上位機通信電路 ...............................................................................................28 顯示電路設計 ...................................................................................................30 電源電路 ...........................................................................................................30 本章小結 ...........................................................................................................31 第 4章 系統(tǒng)的軟件設計 .......................................... 32 Keil uVision3 簡介 .............................................................................................32 程序設計 ...........................................................................................................32 主程序流程圖 .........................................................................................32 LED 數(shù)據(jù)顯示子程序 .............