【正文】 1目錄 摘要 2 ABSTRACT3 第一篇 設(shè)計說明書 3 第一章 設(shè)計資料 4 第二章 處理設(shè)計 7 第三章 構(gòu)筑物設(shè)計 12 第二篇 設(shè)計計算書 21 第一章 構(gòu)筑物設(shè)計計算 21 第二章 污泥處理設(shè)計計算 40 第三章 高程計算 45 參考文獻(xiàn) 47 參考資料 48 2設(shè)計摘要 Carrousel 氧化溝處理污水的原理 最初的普通 Carrousel 氧化溝的工藝中污水直接與回流污泥一起進(jìn)入氧化溝系統(tǒng)。表面曝氣機使混合液中溶解氧 DO 的濃度增加到大約 2～ 3mg/L。在這種充分摻氧的條件下，微生物得到足夠的溶解氧來去除 BOD；同時，氨也被氧化成硝酸鹽和亞硝酸鹽，此時，混合液處于有氧狀態(tài)。在曝氣機下游，水流由曝氣區(qū)的湍流狀態(tài)變成之后的平流狀態(tài)，水流維持在最小流速，保證活性污泥處于懸浮狀態(tài)（平均流速 ）。微生物的氧化過程消耗了水中溶解氧，直到 DO 值降為零，混合液呈缺氧狀態(tài)。經(jīng)過缺氧區(qū)的反硝化作用，混 合液進(jìn)入有氧區(qū)，完成一次循環(huán)。該系統(tǒng)中， BOD 降解是一個連續(xù)過程，硝化作用和反硝化作用發(fā)生在同一池中。由于結(jié)構(gòu)的限制，這種氧化溝雖然可以有效的去處 BOD，但除磷脫氮的能力有限 [7]。 為了取得更好的除磷脫氮的效果， Carrousel 2020 系統(tǒng)在普通 Carrousel氧化溝前增加了一個厭氧區(qū)和絕氧區(qū)（又稱前反硝化區(qū)）。全部回流污泥和1030%的污水進(jìn)入?yún)捬鯀^(qū)，可將回流污泥中的殘留硝酸氮在缺氧和 1030%碳源條件下完成反硝化，為以后的絕氧池創(chuàng)造絕氧條件。同時，厭氧區(qū)中的兼性細(xì)菌將可溶性 BOD 轉(zhuǎn)化成 VFA，聚磷菌獲得 VFA 將其同化成 PHB，所需能量來源于聚磷的水解并導(dǎo)致磷酸鹽的釋放。厭氧區(qū)出水進(jìn)入內(nèi)部安裝有攪拌器的絕氧區(qū)，所謂絕氧就是池內(nèi)混合液既無分子氧，也無化合物氧（硝酸根）， 在此絕氧環(huán)境下， 7090%的污水可提供足夠的碳源，使聚磷菌能充分釋磷。絕氧區(qū)后接普通 Carrousel 氧化溝系統(tǒng)，進(jìn)一步完成去除 BOD、脫氮和除磷。最后，混合液在氧化溝富氧區(qū)排出，在富氧環(huán)境下聚磷菌過量吸磷，將磷從水中轉(zhuǎn)移到污泥中，隨剩余污泥排出系統(tǒng)。這樣，在 Carrousel 2020 系統(tǒng)內(nèi)，較好的同時完成了去除BOD、 COD 和脫氮除磷 [8]。 關(guān)鍵詞： Carrousel 氧化溝 除磷脫氮 結(jié)構(gòu) 機理 3 The Carrousel oxidizes the ditch handles dirty and aqueous principle The at the beginning mon Carrousel oxidizes the dirty water in inside in craft of the ditch direct with dirty mire in reflux together enter oxidize the ditch surface spirit machine makes fuse in the liquid of admixture the density of the oxygen DO increases about 2 the 3 mgs/ this kind of well the term of the oxygen , the microorganism gets the enough deliquescence oxygen es and go to divided by the BOD。At the same time, the ammonia were too oxidized nitrate with second nitrate, this time, mix with the liquid be placed in the oxygen the spirit machine downstream, after water current be bee by the swift flow appearance of the spirit District of even flow the appearance, the water current maintains in the minimum current velocity, guaranteeing the live and dirty mire be placed in the floats the appearance.( average current velocity ms/ s)Oxidize microbially the process consumed to fuse the oxygen in the water, until the value of DO declines for zero, mixing with the liquid report the anoxia nitric that turn the function through anoxia area, mix with the liquid enter to have the oxygen area, pleting once system inside, the BOD declines the solution is a continuous process, the nitric turns the function to turn with the versa nitric the function take place in same of structural restrict, this kind of oxidize the ditch although can then valid whereabouts BOD, divided by the phosphorus take off the nitrogenous ability limited[7]. For the sake of the acquisition better divided by the phosphorus take off the nitrogenous result, Carrousel 2020 systems increased a oxygen District before mon Carrousel oxidize ditch with the unique oxygen area.( call again that the versa nitric in front turns the area)The dirty mire in all refluxes enters the anaerobic District with 41030% dirty water, can under the anoxia with 1030% carbon source term plete remaining of dirty mire in reflux inside nitric acid nitrogen to versa nitric to turn, creates for the unique oxygen pond of hereafter unique oxygen the same time, anaerobic District inside of concurrently the sex germs convert the dissolubility BOD VFA, the germ acquire the VFA its assimilation PHB, the energy source needed solves in the phosphoric water and cause phosphatic anaerobic District a water enters the inner part installs the unique oxygen area that have the mixer, the socalled unique oxygen is a pond inside to mix with liquid since have no the numerator oxygen, also have no the pound oxygen( nitric acid root), the here unique oxygen environment is next,7090% dirty water can provide the enough carbon source, can make the germ of released the phosphorus unique oxygen area connects behind the mon Carrousel oxidizes the ditch system, further pleting to do away with the BOD and take off the nitrogen with divided by the phosphorus .Finally, mix with the liquid transfer the dirty mire inside in oxidize ditch enrich oxygen area eject, while enriching the oxygen environment germ surfeit, phosphorus from the water, ejecting the system with the dirty mire in this, in Carrousel 2020 systems, than pleted to do away with the BOD, COD with take off at the same time goodly the nitrogen divided by the phosphorus . Key phrase: The Carrousel oxidizes the ditch divideds by the phosphor takes off the nitrogen construction mechanism 污水廠設(shè)計說明書 一．設(shè)計資料 本畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）課題應(yīng)達(dá)到的目的： 5① 進(jìn)一步鞏固及深化對污水處理技術(shù)基本概念與基本理論知識的理解；培養(yǎng)學(xué)生綜合運用所學(xué)各門課程基本理論、基本知識和基本技能、分析解決實際工程問題能力。 ② 學(xué)習(xí)掌握根據(jù)實際水量及水質(zhì)、排放要求定出合適的工藝流程。 ③ 學(xué)習(xí)常用設(shè)計資料的一般應(yīng)用方法。 ④ 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生運用理論知識分析問題與解決問題的初步能力。 ⑤ 學(xué)習(xí)繪制平面圖、流程圖及施工圖的方法與技巧，為走上工作崗位之前打下良好的專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。 2. 概況 北京某小區(qū)是北京市建筑標(biāo)準(zhǔn)較高的 住宅區(qū)，小區(qū)北臨南護(hù)城河，居住人口 萬。為保護(hù)小區(qū)優(yōu)美環(huán)境，同步建設(shè)小區(qū)污水處理廠