外文翻譯--懸架系統(tǒng)工作原理(已修改)
2025-06-01 06:53 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 1 How Car Suspensions Work The Chassis The suspension of a car is actually part of the chassis, which prises all of the important systems located beneath the car39。s body. These systems include: ? The frame structural, loadcarrying ponent that supports the car39。s engine and body, which are in turn supported by the suspension ? The suspension system setup that supports weight, absorbs and dampens shock and helps maintain tire contact ? The steering system mechanism that enables the driver to guide and direct the vehicle ? The tires and wheels ponents that make vehicle motion possible by way of grip and/or friction with the road So the suspension is just one of the major systems in any vehicle. With this bigpicture overview in mind, it39。s time to look at the three fundamental ponents of any suspension: springs, dampers and antisway bars. Springs Today39。s springing systems are based on one of four basic designs: ? Coil springs This is the most mon type of spring and is, in essence, a heavyduty torsion bar coiled around an axis. Coil springs press and expand to absorb the motion of the wheels. ? Leaf springs This type of spring consists of several layers of metal (called leaves) bound together to act as a single unit. Leaf springs were first used on horsedrawn carriages and were found on most American automobiles until 1985. They are still used today on most trucks and heavyduty vehicles. ? Torsion bars Torsion bars use the twisting properties of a steel bar to provide coilspringlike performance. This is how they work: One end of a bar is anchored to the vehicle frame. The other end is attached to a wishbone, which acts like a lever that moves perpendicular to the torsion bar. When the wheel hits a bump, vertical motion is transferred to the wishbone 2 and then, through the levering action, to the torsion bar. The torsion bar then twists along its axis to provide the spring force. European carmakers used this system extensively, as did Packard and Chrysler in the United States, through the 1950s and 1960s. ? Air springs Air springs, which consist of a cylindrical chamber of air positioned between the wheel and the car39。s body, use the pressive qualities of air to absorb wheel vibrations. The concept is actually more than a century old and could be found on horsedrawn buggies. Air springs from this era were made from airfilled, leather diaphragms, much like a bellows。 they were replaced with moldedrubber air springs in the 1930s. While springs by themselves seem like simple devices, designing and implementing them on a car to balance passenger fort with handling is a plex task. And to make matters more plex, springs alone can39。t provide a perfectly smooth ride. Why? Because springs are great at absorbing energy, but not so good at dissipating it. Other structures, known as dampers, are required to do this. Dampers Unless a dampening structure is present, a car spring will extend and release the energy it absorbs from a
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1