【正文】 摘要 近年來(lái)，我國(guó)建筑電氣的發(fā)展極為迅猛，并且要求不斷提高，技術(shù)先進(jìn)，控制體系豐富多樣，更新?lián)Q代特別快。于是，建筑電氣工程的設(shè)計(jì)也便成為工程院校教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)的重點(diǎn)。 本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)主要介紹的是根據(jù)國(guó)家相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)范對(duì)小區(qū)供配電系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行電氣設(shè)計(jì)。 該設(shè)計(jì)為 xx 住宅 1 號(hào)樓，是普通居民住宅樓，建筑面積約為平方米。 本工程為 6層民用住宅建筑，為三類建筑，按三級(jí)負(fù)荷供電，三類防雷進(jìn)行電氣系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。其主要內(nèi)容包括以下幾個(gè)方面：照明系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)；插座系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)；低壓配電系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)；防雷擊地系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)等。設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，嚴(yán)格按照建筑電氣設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范 來(lái)建立設(shè)計(jì)思路，完成強(qiáng)電系統(tǒng)的負(fù)荷計(jì)算、 設(shè)備選型、系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成、照度計(jì)算以及施工圖的繪制，包括系統(tǒng)圖和平面圖等。 本次設(shè)計(jì)共完成 15 張工程圖，這些施工圖基本符合國(guó)家有關(guān)建筑電氣設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。通過畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，應(yīng)用及鞏固在校期間所學(xué)的基本知識(shí)和技能，熟悉設(shè)計(jì)工作基本方法及設(shè)計(jì)思想，加深對(duì)理論知識(shí)的理解和專業(yè)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，為今后的工作打下一定的基礎(chǔ)。 關(guān)鍵詞： 照明；插座；供配電；防雷與接地 Abstract In recent years, our country building electrical development is very swift and violent, and asks to rise ceaselessly, advanced technology, control system is rich and diverse, updated quickly. So, building electrical engineering design also became engineering college teaching focus. This graduation design is mainly based on the relevant national standards and norms for power supply and distribution system of residential electrical design. The design for the tower of xx building 1, is the ordinary residential buildings, construction area of about square meters. This project is 6layer civilian residential buildings, three buildings, three levels according to the load power supply, three types of lightning protection of electrical system design. Its main contents include the following: lighting design。 socket syste m design。 design of low voltage distribution system。 lightning strike protection system design. Design, in strict accordance with the building electrical design specifications to build design ideas, to plete the power system load calculation, equipment selection, system structure, illumination calculation and construction drawing, including the system maps and plans. The design pleted a total of15 pieces of engineering drawing, the construction plan in accordance with the relevant state construction electrical design specification, standard. Through the graduation design, application and consolidation during the period of school have learned the basic knowledge and skills, be familiar with the basic method of design work and design idea, deepen the understanding of theoretical knowledge and professional technology, for future work to lay a foundation. Key words: lighting。 socket。 power supply。 lightning protection and grounding I 目錄 第一章 前言 ......................................................... 1 概述 .................................................................. 1 工程概述 .............................................................. 1 設(shè)計(jì)原則 .............................................................. 1 第二章 照明系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................. 3 照明系統(tǒng)概述 .......................................................... 3 照明方式和種類 ........................................................ 4 照明方式 ............................................................ 4 照明種類 ............................................................ 4 住宅各部分照明對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的要求 ............................................ 5 起居室的照明設(shè)計(jì) .................................................... 5 臥室的照明設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................... 5 廚房的照明設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................... 6 衛(wèi)生間照明 .......................................................... 6 燈具選擇和布置 ........................................................ 7 照度計(jì)算 .............................................................. 8 利用系數(shù)法 .......................................................... 9 單位容量法 .......................................................... 9 第三章 插座設(shè)計(jì) .................................................... 13 插座系統(tǒng)概述 ......................................................... 13 插座安裝的一般規(guī)范 ................................................... 13 各部分插座的設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................... 14 客廳插座的設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................... 14 臥室插座的設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................... 15 書房插座的設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................... 15 廚房插座的設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................... 16 餐廳插座的設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................... 16 衛(wèi)生間插座的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 16 II 插座的選型及保護(hù)措施 ................................................. 16 第四章 低壓配電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ............................................. 17 供配電系統(tǒng)概述 ....................................................... 17 設(shè)計(jì)要求 ........................................................... 17 設(shè)計(jì)原則 ........................................................... 17 設(shè)計(jì) 一般規(guī)定 ....................................................... 18 負(fù)荷分級(jí) ........................................................... 20 各負(fù)荷等級(jí)的供電措施 ............................................... 20 電壓等級(jí)的選擇 ..................................................... 21 低壓配電系統(tǒng)線路選擇 ................................................. 21 低壓線路接線方式 ................................................... 21 配電線路的保護(hù) ..................................................... 22 導(dǎo)線和電纜的選擇 ................................................... 23 低壓配電系統(tǒng)電氣設(shè)備的選擇 ........................................... 24 基本要求 ........................................................... 24 漏電保護(hù) ........................................................... 24 負(fù)荷計(jì)算 ............................................................. 24 負(fù)荷計(jì)算的意義 ..................................................... 24 負(fù)荷計(jì)算方法 ....................................................... 25 本工程負(fù)荷 ......................................................... 27 第五章 防雷接地系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ............................................. 31 雷電的形成及危害 ..................................................... 31 雷電的形成 ......................................................... 31 雷電的危害 ......................................................... 31 建筑物的防雷 ....