【正文】 II 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 住宅 D電氣工程設(shè)計(jì)（住宅部分） Electrical Engineering Design Of Residential D (residential portion) III 摘 要 本 工程 為 一民用住宅建筑，共 十八層 ，屬于 二類高層。本設(shè)計(jì)包含變配電系統(tǒng) 計(jì)算 和 設(shè)計(jì) 、照明系統(tǒng) 的 計(jì)算 和 設(shè)計(jì) 以及消防 聯(lián)動(dòng) 報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。 變配電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)，按建筑物的性質(zhì)以及國家規(guī)范進(jìn)行負(fù)荷分級(jí)， 其中，走道及前室照明、客用電梯、排水泵以及生活水泵 負(fù)荷 和消防負(fù)荷均為二級(jí)負(fù) 荷，其余負(fù)荷均為三級(jí)負(fù)荷。 根據(jù)單位指標(biāo)法和需要系數(shù)法進(jìn)行負(fù)荷容量計(jì)算，選擇 符合 要求的變壓器 、選擇配電線纜 截面積； 采用有名值法計(jì)算變壓器高低壓側(cè) 短路電流 ，校驗(yàn) 配電線纜、母線等的動(dòng)熱穩(wěn)定性，校驗(yàn)開關(guān)設(shè)備動(dòng)熱 穩(wěn)定性以 及 開斷能力 。 照明系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)，確定建筑功能， 采用 利用系數(shù)法進(jìn)行照度計(jì)算， 根據(jù) 《住宅設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》、《建筑照明設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》等 規(guī)范 要求 布置 燈具及插座， 以滿足照度、照度均勻度、功率密度的要求 。 消防 聯(lián)動(dòng) 報(bào)警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)，確定建筑物防火 等級(jí)為二級(jí) ， 二級(jí)保護(hù)對(duì)象選擇集中報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)《火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》對(duì)住宅的公共 部分 進(jìn)行 報(bào)警探測(cè)器 布置和 消防聯(lián)動(dòng)控制設(shè)計(jì)。 關(guān)鍵詞： 住宅，電氣設(shè)計(jì)，變配電系統(tǒng)，照明系統(tǒng)，消防報(bào)警系統(tǒng) II ABSTRACT This project is a residential construction, with eighteen floors, and it blongs to second class high rise building. It is designed includes a calculation and design of power supply and distribution system , a design and calculation of lighting system and a design of fire alarm system. First of all, the load step of the design of power supply and distribution system is based on the properties of the building and national normative criterion, in which lighting of the walkway and antechamber, `passenger elevator, drainage pump, living pump, and the fire load are all secondary loads, while others are trigrade load. Then it obstains transformer capacity and slects proper transformer according to loading capacitance capability by using needfulcoefficient method and load index method。 and it also can use the natorietyvalue method to calculate the short –circuit current for highvoltage and low voltage of the transformer. And then check of the thermal stability and dynamic stability of che cable or bus, and check of the thermal stability and dynamic stability and breaking capability of switchgear. Second, che the design of lighting system. We must get clear on the applying functions in construction, and then calculate the illuminance of each atrial by using utilization factor. After that we can get che arrangement of the lamps and the sockets according to national normative criterion according to ―residential design codes‖ and ―Standard for Lighting Design of Buildings‖ to satisfy the requirements of illuminance uniformity of illuminance power density. Third, che the design of fire alarm system. Get clear of the fire rating of the building, and the secondary protected object must use concentrated alarm system. Lay the alarm detector in the suit position and design the linked fire control according to national normative criterion. Key words: Residential, Electrical Design, Power Supply and Distribution System, Lighting System, Fire Alarm System III 目 錄 中文摘要 ................................................................................................ Ⅰ ABSTRACT ........................................................................................... Ⅱ 1 緒論 .................................................................................................... 1 ........................................................................... 1 建筑電氣研究的社會(huì)現(xiàn)狀 ....................................................................... 1 本次設(shè)計(jì)主要內(nèi)容 ................................................................................ 2 2供配電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................. 3 .............................................................................. 3 用電負(fù)荷分級(jí) ................................................................................ 3 消防負(fù)荷分級(jí) ................................................................................ 3 各級(jí)負(fù)荷供電要求 .......................................................................... 3 ......................................................... 4 本設(shè)計(jì)負(fù)荷分級(jí) ............................................................................. 4 各負(fù)荷供電要求 ............................................................................. 4 ............................................................................................ 4 負(fù) 荷計(jì)算方法介紹 .......................................................................... 4 電氣主結(jié)線圖繪制 .......................................................................... 5 負(fù)荷計(jì)算示例 ................................................................................ 6 無功功率補(bǔ)償 ................................................................................ 8 變壓器容量確定 ............................................................................. 9 主結(jié)線圖中的特殊情況說明 ............................................................... 9 3短路電流計(jì)算 .................................................................................. 11 ................................................................................................. 11 短路故障及其危害 ......................................................................... 11 短路電流計(jì)算的目的 ....................................................................... 11 .......................................................................... 12 初選電纜截面積 ............................................................................ 12 故障類型 ..................................................................................... 12 短路電流計(jì)算 示例 ......................................................................... 12 單相短路電流計(jì)算 ......................................................................... 15 高壓側(cè)短路電流計(jì)算 ....................................................................... 18 IV ..................................................................................... 19 開關(guān)設(shè)備動(dòng)熱穩(wěn)定性校驗(yàn) ................................................................. 19 低壓側(cè)開關(guān)設(shè)備的