【正文】 1 The Art of Assembly Language 1. What39。s Wrong With Assembly Language？ 2. What39。s Right With Assembly Language？ 1. What39。s Wrong With Assembly Language Assembly language has a pretty bad reputation. The mon impression about assembly language programmers today is that they are all hackers or misguided individuals who need enlightenment. Here are the reasons people give for not using assembly: （ 1） Assembly is hard to learn. （ 2） Assembly is hard to read and understand. （ 3） Assembly is hard to debug. （ 4） Assembly is hard to maintain. （ 5） Assembly is hard to write. （ 6） Assembly language programming is time consuming. （ 7） Improved piler technology has eliminated the need for assembly language. （ 8） Today, machines are so fast that we no longer need to use assembly. （ 9） If you need more speed, you should use a better algorithm rather than switch to assembly language. （ 10） Machines have so much memory today, saving space using assembly is not important. （ 11） Assembly language is not portable. These are some strong statements indeed! Given that this is a book which teaches assembly language programming, written for college level students, written by someone who appears to know what he39。s talking about, your natural tendency is to believe something if it appears in print. Having just read the above, you39。re starting to assume that assembly must be pretty bad. And that, dear friend, is eighty percent of what39。s wrong with assembly language. That is, people develop some very strong misconceptions about assembly language based on what they39。ve heard from friends, instructors, articles, and books. Oh, assembly language is certainly not perfect. It does have many real faults. Those faults, however, are blown pletely out of proportion by those unfamiliar with assembly language. The next time someone starts preaching about the evils of assembly language, ask, how many 2 years of assembly language programming experience do you have? Of course assembly is hard to understand if you don39。t know it. It is surprising how many people are willing to speak out against assembly language based only on conversations they39。ve had or articles they39。ve read. Assembly language users also use high level languages (HLLs)。 assembly39。s most outspoken opponents rarely use anything but HLLs. Who would you believe, an expert well versed in both types of programming languages or someone who has never taken the time to learn assembly language and develop an honest opinion of its capabilities? In a conversation with someone, I would go to great lengths to address each of the above , in a rough draft of this chapter I spent about ten pages explaining what is wrong with each of the above statements. However, this book is long enough and I felt that very little was gained by going on and on about these points. Noheless, a brief rebuttal to each of the above points is in order, if for no other reason than to keep you from thinking there isn39。t a decent defense for these statements. Assembly is hard to learn. So is any language you don39。t already know. Try learning (really learning) APL, Prolog, or Smalltalk sometime. Once you learn Pascal, learning another language like C, BASIC, FORTRAN, Modula2, or Ada is fairly easy because these languages are quite similar to Pascal. On the other hand, learning a dissimilar language like Prolog is not so language is also quite different from Pascal. It will be a little harder to learn than one of the other Pascallike languages. However, learning assembly isn39。t much more difficult than learning your first programming language. Assembly is hard to read and understand. It sure is, if you don39。t know it. Most people who make this statement simply don39。t know assembly. Of course, it39。s very easy to write impossibletoread assembly language programs. It39。s also quite easy to write impossibletoread C, Prolog, and APL programs. With experience, you will find assembly as easy to read as other languages. Assembly is hard to debug. Same argument as above. If you don39。t have much experience debugging assembly langua