【正文】 最新英語閱讀理解(社會文化)專項含解析一、高中英語閱讀理解社會文化類1．閱讀理解 A PG13 rating is a stricter warning by the Rating Board to parents to determine whether their children under age 13 should view the film. A PG13 film may go beyond the PG rating in theme, violence, nudity (裸露), language, adult activities or other elements, but does not reach the restricted R category. The theme of the film by itself will not result in a rating greater than PG13, although activities shown in the film related to a mature theme may result in a restricted rating for the film. Any drug use will initially require at least a PG13 rating. More than brief nudity will require at least a PG13 rating, but such nudity in PG13 rated film generally will not be sexually oriented. There may be violence scene in a PG13 movie, but generally not both realistic and extreme or persistent violence. A single use of one of the rude words in a film, though only as an expletive (感嘆語), initially requires at least a PG13 rating. More than one such bad word requires an R rating, as must even one of those words used in a sexual context. The Rating Board nevertheless may rate such a film PG13 if, based on a special vote by a twothirds majority, the Raters feel that most American parents would believe that a PG13 rating is appropriate because of the context or manner in which the words are used or because the use of those words in the film is easily neglected.（1）What is the main goal of this passage? discuss various movie ratings. explain various movie ratings. explain the difference between PG13 and R movie ratings. explain the PG13 movie rating.（2）According to PG13 rating, the theme of the movie __________. little impact on its rating a large impact on its rating be entertaining be suitable for children（3）From Paragraph 2, we can learn that drug usage __________. not be allowed in movies dangerous a PG13 rating necessary not appropriate for children under 13（4）What does a movie with two or more uses of bad words require? PG rating. PG13 rating. R rating. NC17 rating.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。PG13級是電影分級委員會對家長發(fā)出的更嚴格的警告，目的是決定13歲以下的孩子是否應該看這部電影。文章介紹了PG13電影分級。 （1）考查推理判斷。縱觀全文可知，本文從主題、暴力、裸體、語言、成人活動方面解釋了PG13的電影分級。全文目的在于解釋PG13。故選D。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據第二段中的“The theme of the film by itself will not result in a rating greater than PG13, although activities shown in the film related to a mature theme may result in a restricted rating for the film.”，電影的主題本身不會導致評級大于PG13，盡管在電影中出現(xiàn)的與成熟主題相關的活動可能會導致對電影的限制評級。此可知，電影的主題對PG13評級影響不大。故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據第二段中的“Any drug use will initially require at least a PG13 rating.”任何藥物使用最初都需要至少達到PG13級別。可知，藥物使用使PG13評級是必要的。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據最后一段中的“More than one such bad word requires an R rating, as must even one of those words used in a sexual context.”，一部有兩個或兩個以上臟話用法的電影需要滿足R級。故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解 Vietnam aims to solve the relations between economic development and cultural preservation. Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country. Vietnam now has more than 40000 historical relics. These relics of various forms and history are treasures for future generations. However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time, war and human activities. Head of Hanoi Relics Management Board, Nguyen Doan Tuan, says rescue work must preserve the relics39。 soul: We cannot replace ruined construction with new materials. We must preserve its shape, size and style. We need to pay attention to every brick replaced so that it looks exactly like the original. Most relics have to rely on tourist fees for repair and rescue work. Director of Van Mieu Cultural and Science Center Dang Kim Ngoc, says that the relics must be promoted widely to attract more visitors and bring in more ine for repair and preservation: We provide constant guide services for visitors so that they understand more about our relics. At the same time, a natural surrounding of the relic has been ensured, including the grass field and garden to improve its scenic value. The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the munity for shared efforts in the preservation work. Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang Quoc Quan, said that the munity must be guided in the preservation and protection, The UNESCO aims to let local munity take part in the preservation of relics. We have seen limitations in the preservation of relics, especially festivalrelated groups of buildings. This requires management and guidance by the government. Nguyen Thi Minh Ly from the Department of Heritage says the munity should be guided in proper behaviors towards relics: This will ensure the protection of cultural relics in later generations. Creative restoration (修復) must be based on previous (先前的) values. Experts have called for a systematic (系統(tǒng)的) guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.（1）Where is the passage most probably taken from? government survey. research paper. newspaper report. travel guide.（2）Which of the following is not the reasons for the damaged relics in Vietnam? activities. building materials. influence. passing of time.（3）It can be inferred from paragraphs 46 that to preserve relics, the government should . to the UNESCO for financial help the scenic value by raising tourist fees the munity to join in the rescue work full use of the money raised by the local people（4）What might be the best title for the passage? the Community in Proper Behaviors the Ruined Construction with a New Style of Relics in Vietnam Are In Ruins Call for a Systematic Way to Preserve Relics【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了越南文化部門和活動人士一直在努力保護本國的歷史和文化遺產，文章說明了文物遭受破壞的原因和文物保護的現(xiàn)狀。就此專家們呼吁國家對地方一級的保護進行系統(tǒng)的指導，同時促進對每一件文物的創(chuàng)造性修復。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據第一段中的“Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.”越南文化部門和活動人士一直在努力保護本國的歷史和文化遺產，以及文章主要內容為介紹專家們呼吁用一種系統(tǒng)的方法來保護文物，故選C。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據第三段中的“However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time, war and human acti