【正文】 新高考英語(yǔ)的閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練附答案一、高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1．閱讀理解 Being forgiving to yourself and others can protect against stress and the harm it does to mental health, according to a new study in the Journal of Health Psychology. Researchers looked at the effects of lifetime stress on a person39。s mental health, and how more forgiving people got along pared with people who weren39。t so forgiving. To do this, they asked 148 young adults to fill out questionnaires that assessed their levels of lifetime stress, their tendency to forgive and their mental and physical health. No surprise, people with greater exposure to stress had worse mental and physical health. But the researchers also discovered that if people were highly forgiving of both themselves and others, that characteristic alone almost removed the connection between stress and mental illness. It39。s almost entirely erased—it39。s zero, says study author Toussaint. If you don39。t have forgiving tendencies, you feel the immediate effects of stress in a severe way. You don39。t have anything to cushion you against that stress. How a forgiving personality protects a person from the influence of severe stress is hard to determine. The researchers infer that people who are more forgiving may adopt better skills to deal with stress, or their reaction to major stressors(壓力源)may be slow. Though more research is needed to fully understand the benefits of being more forgiving, Toussaint believes100％that forgiveness can be learned. His own previous research has shown that saying a short prayer on forgiveness can help people take the edge off. I think most people want to feel good and forgiveness offers you the opportunity to do that, he says. （1）The researchers got the effect of forgiving by_____. A.analyzing questionnairesB.doing scientific experimentC.writing research papersD.municating with 148 adults（2）What can we infer from the passage? A.Forgiving tendencies can deal with all mental problems.B.It remains unknown why forgiveness helps to reduce stress.C.Toussaint39。s study has fully discovered the benefits of being forgiving.D.Saying a short prayer on forgiveness is the key to getting rid of stress.（3）What does the underlined phrase take the edge off39。 in the last paragraph probably mean? A.Look ahead.B.Bee relaxed.C.Make up their mind.D.Stick to their goals.（4）What may be the best title for the passage? A.A new study on physical healthB.Forgiving yourself makes you feel goodC.Forgiveness is good for mental healthD.Getting rid of stress is good for your health【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】研究發(fā)現(xiàn)擁有一顆寬容的心，能減少焦慮和壓力，讓人心理健康。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的To do this, they asked 148 young adults to fill out questionnaires that assessed their levels of lifetime stress，可知，為了弄明白真相，研究人員讓148個(gè)人填寫了問(wèn)卷調(diào)查，即他們是通過(guò)研究問(wèn)卷調(diào)查來(lái)得出寬容的影響，故選A項(xiàng)。 （2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段的How a forgiving personality protects a person from the influence of severe stress is hard to determine. 可知目前很難確定寬容是如何防止人們不受嚴(yán)重壓力的傷害，故推斷寬容可以減少壓力的原因是未知的，故選B項(xiàng)。 （3）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線部分下文的I think most people want to feel good and forgiveness offers you the opportunity to do that可知寬容能讓人感覺(jué)良好，故推測(cè)畫線部分所在句子意思是：說(shuō)一個(gè)和寬容相關(guān)的禱言能讓人感覺(jué)良好。故劃線部分的意思和感覺(jué)良好接近，故選B項(xiàng)。 （4）主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，第一段為主題段，根據(jù)文章第一段的Being forgiving to yourself and others can protect against stress and the harm it does to mental health,可知本文主要講述寬容對(duì)精神健康有好處，故選C項(xiàng)。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題、詞義猜測(cè)題和主旨大意題，細(xì)節(jié)理解題要注意從文中尋找答案；推理判斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；詞義猜測(cè)題，要聯(lián)系上下文，猜測(cè)劃線詞在題中的含義；主旨大意題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。 2．閱讀理解 A university in Nanjing, Jiangsu province, has installed facial recognition systems in classrooms to monitor students39。 behavior, sparking a heated debate online. China Pharmaceutical University recently installed the systems in two pilot classrooms as well as school gates, dormitory entrances, the library and laboratory buildings. Xu Jianzhen, director of the university39。s library and information center, told that the systems will help teachers check student attendance and monitor behavior during the lectures. In the past, some students just checked their attendance and ditched the class or asked other students to check the attendance for them. Now with facial recognition, that would no longer be a problem, he said. The moment you enter the classroom, the camera will monitor you all the way through and can tell how long you lower your head, whether you39。re playing with a smart phone, whether you39。re dozing off or reading other books, he added. The news has raised wide debate on Chinese social media, with many questioning if the cameras will violate students39。 privacy. A Sina Weibo user said: I oppose such methods, and it is not clear whether the systems are developed by the school itself or by third parties. If it is the latter, is there any regulation of security? Where will the information be sent and stored? Gan Xiangsi, a senior student from the university, said she weled the systems being applied in dormitories and libraries as this can help prevent personal belongings being stolen，but it is not necessary to use such technology in the classroom. If the teacher teaches well，the students will be interested, she said. On the contrary, this kind of monitoring will make everyone feel resistant. China Pharmaceutical University is not the first university to use facial recognition technology on campus. Many universities across the country have installed cameras at campus entrances to ensure safety. But many are also hesitant when it es to applying such technology in classrooms. This issue has been debated for quite a long time, Chu Zhaohui, a senior researcher at the National Institute of Education Sciences, told China National Radio. According to Chu, teachers and students who are under observation might not behave as they