【正文】 【英語】高考英語試題真題分類匯編閱讀理解一、高中英語閱讀理解1．閱讀理解 When was the last time you used plastic plates? Next time, why not try some edible ones? You39。ll help the environment and your guests won39。t go hungry. I used to work in school catering and saw a lot of money being thrown away. I thought that was criminal, so I decided to do something about it, said Italian school chef Tiziano Vicentini. Now, Vicentini has an amazing range of edible plates for schools. The plates are made out of bread dough, so you can eat them afterwards. These dishes cost a few pennies each and are either eaten by the kids, or go into recycling bins for animal food, explained Vicentini, 50, of Milan. But now other panies are developing edible plates, too. The EdiblePlate Company offers edible plates, bowls, trays and cups. Their products are environmentallyfriendly, 100% biodegradable and can be used for all types of catering and home use. And they39。re made from a natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade naturally. They also have a range of cutlery（餐具） made from corn and potato starch（淀粉）. These plates will also help reduce the amount of plastic。 we create. Waste from plastic causes a lot of damage to the environment, as well as costing governments millions m waste management. Plastic bags often end up in landfill sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic waste causes toxic gases that pollute the air. In response to this, governments around the world are introducing tough recycling regulations. And many shops are offering biodegradable plastic bags and ecosafe packaging on their products. To help matters, the International Organization for Standardization (the ISO) has also developed a system to evaluate the biodegradability of products, with a certification and logo scheme, Meanwhile, how about a nice plate for lunch?（1）Which of the following is not the advantage of edible plates? A.They are expensive.B.They can degrade naturally.C.They are environmentallyfriendly.D.They are made from natural plant.（2）Which of the following statements is true? A.Tiziano is from Germany.B.Edible plates are only used for school catering.C.Corn and potato starch can be used to make cutlery.D.The Edible Plate Company doesn39。t produce edible bowls.（3）What does the underlined word this refer to? A.The air pollution.B.The edible cutlery.C.The toxic gases caused by the burning of plastic.D.The damage to the environment caused by plastic waste.（4）What is the main idea of this passage? A.The measures to stop the pollution.B.The ways to reduce the plastic waste.C.How to make edible plates from natural plants. .D.The plate solution to eating and environmental problem.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了飲食和環(huán)境的問題，并且提出了相應(yīng)的解決方法。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Their products are environmentallyfriendly, 100% biodegradable and can be used for all types of catering and home use. And they39。re made from a natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade naturally.”可知，“昂貴”不是edible plates的優(yōu)勢。故選A。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“They also have a range of cutlery（餐具） made from corn and potato starch（淀粉）．”可知，玉米和馬鈴薯淀粉可用于制作餐具。故選C。（3）考查代詞指代。根據(jù)第三段中的“Waste from plastic causes a lot of damage to the environment, as well as costing governments millions m waste management. Plastic bags often end up in landfill sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic waste causes toxic gases that pollute the air. In response to this, governments around the world are introducing tough recycling regulations.” 塑料垃圾對環(huán)境造成了很大的破壞，同時也給政府帶來了數(shù)百萬的垃圾管理。塑料袋經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)在垃圾填埋場或街道上。而燃燒的塑料垃圾會導(dǎo)致有毒氣體污染空氣。作為對此的回應(yīng)，世界各國政府正在出臺嚴格的回收法規(guī)。由此可知this指的是“塑料垃圾對環(huán)境造成的破壞。”故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“When was the last time you used plastic plates? Next time, why not try some edible ones? You39。ll help the environment and your guests won39。t go hungry.可知，本文講述的是飲食和環(huán)境問題的解決方案。故選D。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷，代詞指代和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解 NotreDame, the cathedral (大教堂) that serves as one of Paris39。s most beloved monuments, is on fire. According to The New York Times, the fire began around 6: 30 . local time, when tourists urgently rushed out of the building. While Andre Finot, a spokesman for the cathedral, told The Times, that the cause of the fire is still unknown and that no one has been hurt while damage to the building appears catastrophic（災(zāi)難性的）. CNN reports that over 400 firefighters have been sent to fight the fire, but that they may be unable to save the cathedral. Built in the 12th century, NotreDame houses several relics important to Catholics (天主教徒). NBC News reports that relics from Saint Genevieve and Saint Denis may been lost, together with a relic believed to be from Jesus Christ39。s crown of thorns, but it states that authorities now believe that the cathedral has been saved from “total destruction”. NotreDame is visited by a reported 30, 000 people a day and 13 million people per year. Its destruction represents a global cultural loss. This is just horrible, Mohamed Megdoul, 33, a film producer and witness to the fire told The Times, speaking through tears. A thousand years of history is being wiped away. This belonged to the whole world, and now it39。s disappearing. French President Emmanuel Macron expressed his sadness on Twitter. NotreDame of Paris in flames, reads an English translation of his statement. Emotion for a whole nation. Thoughts for all Catholics and for all the French. Like all our countrymen, I39。m sad together to see this part of us burn. Other politicians, including Melanis Trump, London Mayor Sadiq Khan, U. K. Prime Minister Theresa May also shared their sadness on Twitter.（1）What do we know about NotreDame according to the passage? has been pletely destroyed by the fire.39。s a huge political loss to the world.39。s only meaningful to Catholics. reason of