【正文】 （英語）高二英語語法填空的技巧及練習(xí)題及練習(xí)題(含答案)及解析一、語法填空1．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 New Year39。s Eve is the last day of the year. It is always an exciting time because people look forward to ________(wele) a new year. It is also a good time to think back and say goodbye to the old year. New Year39。s Eve is a ________(nation) holiday for many people around the world. In a lot of countries , people go back to their hometown for the New Year, so usually the trains and buses________(pack) with people. In England, there is always a New Year39。s Eve party, ________ is usually held at someone39。s home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors. The living room bees a mini disco as everyone dances________ loud music. I have lots of good ________(memory) of New Year39。s Eve . I once spent one freezing New Year39。s Eve in Trafalgar Square in the center of London. It snowed and was ________(bitter) cold . I also spent many wonderful New Year39。s Eves in Japan. There, it is a tradition________(visit) a shrine(圣壇)and pray for good things. I think wherever you are, New Year39。s Eve is always ________exciting day. Maybe the last way to wele the New Year ________(be)watching amazing fireworks displays in the world39。s cities.【答案】 weling；national；are packed；which；to；memories；bitterly；to visit；an；is 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，對世界各地的許多人來說，除夕是國家的假日。作者回憶了除夕的許多美好記憶。 （1）考查非謂語動詞。句意：這總是一個令人興奮的時刻，因?yàn)槿藗兤诖有碌囊荒?。look forward to固定短語，“期待”，to是介詞，后面接動名詞，所以填weling。 （2）考查形容詞。句意：對世界各地的許多人來說，除夕是國家的假日。該空修飾名詞holiday，用形容詞，所以填national。 （3）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：在很多國家，人們會回老家過年，所以通?；疖嚭凸财嚿隙紨D滿了人。描述經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作，用一般現(xiàn)在時?；疖嚭凸财嚺c擠滿之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，所以填are packed。 （4）考查定語從句。句意：在英國，人們通常在某人家里舉行新年晚會，邀請朋友、家人和鄰居。_________ is usually held at someone39。s home and the host invites friends, families and ，先行詞是a New Year39。s Eve party，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指物，故填which。 （5）考查介詞。句意：客廳變成了一個迷你迪斯科舞廳，每個人都隨著響亮的音樂跳舞。dance to固定短語，“隨著……起舞”，故填to。 （6）考查名詞。句意：我對除夕有很多美好的回憶。美好的回憶是復(fù)數(shù)意義，用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填memories。 （7）考查副詞。句意：天下著雪，冷得刺骨。修飾形容詞cold，用副詞，故填bitterly。 （8）考查非謂語動詞。句意：在那里，參拜神社并祈求好運(yùn)是一種傳統(tǒng)。不定式作主語，一般用it作形式主語，把作主語的不定式短語后置，故填to visit。 （9）考查冠詞。句意：我想無論你在哪里，除夕總是一個令人興奮的日子。泛指一個令人興奮的日子，exciting的首字母發(fā)音是元音，所以填不定冠詞an。 （10）考查時態(tài)。句意：也許迎接新年的最后一種方式是在世界各地的城市觀看令人驚嘆的煙花表演。描述經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，用一般現(xiàn)在時，所以填is。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語動詞，形容詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)，定語從句，介詞，副詞以及故此等多個知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。2．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Since 1949 when the People39。s Republic of China ________(establish), and especially since 1978, China39。s transformation from a traditional ________（agriculture）society to a modern industrial society has been greatly accelarated by a rapid industrial restructuring. China39。s industrial structure developed according to the objective of industrialization, ________aimed at the proportion(比例)of agriculture declining ceaselessly, and the proportion of the industrial and service sector increasing continually. ________(current), the industrial goods produced in China all range from capital goods to consumption goods. China39。s factory outputs extend from textiles (紡織業(yè)) to railway, planes and puters. China is the largest producer of inexpensive cotton textiles in the world and exports large ________(quantity) of textiles and clothes. Food processing is very important, and much farm produce is exported. Other industrial products ________(include)television sets, bicycles, cars, trucks and washing machines are expanding in the world. China has bee ________industrialized country to some extent. The auto and the housing industry, in the process of industrialization have developed by leaps and bounds. The most important export products are machinery and electric equipment,________the most important import products are raw materials. In recent years, China39。s industry________(pete) internationally, and as a result, the ________(develop)of the country39。s industry is increasingly influenced by international economic environments.【答案】 was established；agricultural；which；Currently；quantities；including；an；while/and；has peted has been peting；development 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，自1978年以來，中國從傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)社會向現(xiàn)代工業(yè)社會的轉(zhuǎn)型，在產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的快速推進(jìn)下，取得了長足的進(jìn)步。中國在一定程度上已經(jīng)成為一個發(fā)達(dá)的工業(yè)化國家。 （1）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。根據(jù)Since 1949可知應(yīng)用一般過去時，且主語the People39。s Republic of China與謂語動詞establish構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故填was established。 （2）考查形容詞。society為名詞，需要形容詞修飾，故填agricultural。 （3）考查定語從句。句意：中國的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)是按照工業(yè)化的目標(biāo)發(fā)展的，其目標(biāo)是農(nóng)業(yè)比重不斷下降。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞the objective of industrialization，且先行詞在從句中做主語，指物，故用關(guān)系代詞which，填which 。 （4）考查副詞。句意：目前，中國生產(chǎn)的工業(yè)產(chǎn)品從資本品到消費(fèi)品應(yīng)有盡有。修飾整個句子應(yīng)用副詞，故填Currently。 （5）考查名詞。large quantities of固定短語，“大量……”，故填quantities。 （6）考查非謂語動詞。句意：包括電視機(jī)、自行車、汽車、卡車和洗衣機(jī)在內(nèi)的其他工業(yè)產(chǎn)品正在世界范圍內(nèi)擴(kuò)張。本句已經(jīng)存在謂語動詞且句中沒有連詞，故include只能做非謂語，表示“包括；包含”后跟包含的內(nèi)容時需用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填including。 （7）考查冠詞。句意：中國在一定程度上已經(jīng)成為一個發(fā)達(dá)的工業(yè)化國家。country為可數(shù)名詞，此處表泛指“一個國家”，且industrialized為元音音素開頭的單詞，故應(yīng)填an。 （8）考查連詞。句意：最重要的出口產(chǎn)品是機(jī)電設(shè)備，而最重要的進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品是原材料。表示前后對比應(yīng)用while；或表示承接關(guān)系用連詞and。故填while或and。 （9）考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)上文In recent years可知本句為完成時態(tài)，表示過去發(fā)生的動作持續(xù)了一段時間持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為單數(shù)，故填has peted；或表示過去發(fā)生的動作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，不曾間斷，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，主語為單數(shù)，故填has been peting。 （10）考查名詞。根據(jù)上文定冠詞the可知應(yīng)填名詞形式，故填development。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及時態(tài)語態(tài)，形容詞，定語從句，副詞，名詞，非謂語動詞，冠詞，連詞等多個知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇政治經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。3．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Cathy Martin is a hurricane hunter with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). For six months each year, she is part of a team that collects ________she describes as vital data, to save life and property.When winds pick up, ________(spin) toward the Caribbean and U. S. coastline, Martin and ________(she) flight team spring into action. They use instruments called dropsondes, which ________(set) free from a tube at the back of the plane. As a dropsonde makes its 10,000foot landing into the sea, it sends out information about air temperature, pressure, humidity, and the speed and ________(direct) of the wind. On an eighthour flight, Martin39。s team ________(typical) drops 15 to 20 dropsondes while flying from one side of the