【正文】
(英語(yǔ))高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空技巧小結(jié)及練習(xí)題及解析一、高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空1.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 It seems to be something in our blood ________ makes human beings want to conquer (征服) things by climbing them, no matter whether it39。s Qomolangma the ________ (high) peak on Earth ________ Uluru, a big rock that sits 348 meters above the ground in the central Australian desert. Many ________ (visit) to Uluru climb the rock even though there39。s no road to it, except for a chainandpole path that39。s been hammered into the rock by early explorers. There39。s even a sign at the bottom of the rock ________ (write) in seven languages, reading: Please don39。t climb. For starters, the rock has spiritual significance for the local Aboriginal people, and ________(set) foot on it is considered disrespectful. Other concerns include some people leaving litter on top of the rock, and some even urinate (撒尿)on it since there39。s no toilet up there. When it rains, the human waste is washed down onto the rock, which can be ________ (harm) to the environment. Also, according to ABC News, 35 people ________ (die) so far trying to climb it. This is ________ the Australian government announced earlier this month that climbing Uluru ________ (ban), starting from Oct 26, 2019.【答案】 that;highest;or;visitors;written;setting /to set;harmful;have died;why;will be banned 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,人們很喜歡到澳大利亞中部沙漠去攀登Uluru,這一做法帶來(lái)了一系列問(wèn)題,當(dāng)?shù)卣疀Q定禁止人們攀登這塊巨石。 (1)考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:似乎在我們的血液里有某些東西,讓人們想通過(guò)攀登來(lái)征服事物。本題定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是不定代詞something,使用關(guān)系代詞that來(lái)指代先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在句中作主語(yǔ)。所以填that。 (2)考查形容詞。句意:似乎在我們的血液里有某些東西,讓人們想通過(guò)攀登來(lái)征服事物。無(wú)論它是世界最高峰珠穆朗瑪峰,還是位于澳大利亞中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大巖石Uluru。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知珠穆朗瑪峰是世界最高峰,應(yīng)該使用形容詞最高級(jí)作定語(yǔ)。所以填highest。 (3)考查連詞。句意:似乎在我們的血液里有某些東西,讓人們想通過(guò)攀登來(lái)征服事物。無(wú)論它是珠穆朗瑪峰—世界最高峰,還是位于澳大利亞中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大巖石Uluru。句中使用whether…or…固定短語(yǔ),無(wú)論......還是......,連接上下文。所以填or。 (4)考查名詞。句意:盡管沒(méi)有路,但很多游客還是會(huì)前往Uluru去攀登這塊巨石。所填詞在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),而且表示人,所以要用visit表示人的名詞形式visitor在句中做主語(yǔ),而形容詞many說(shuō)明應(yīng)該使用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填visitors。 (5)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:在巨石的底部用七種語(yǔ)言寫(xiě)著一塊牌子:請(qǐng)勿攀登。名詞短語(yǔ)a sign與動(dòng)詞write構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,要用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ),其作用相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句。所以填written。 (6)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:踏上這塊巖石被認(rèn)為是無(wú)禮的。本句中可以使用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)表示經(jīng)常性習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,也可以使用不定式短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)表示一次性的動(dòng)作。所以填setting/to set。 (7)考查形容詞。句意:下雨的時(shí)候,垃圾廢物被沖下巖石,這對(duì)環(huán)境是有害的。句中應(yīng)該使用harm的形容詞形式與系動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu),所以填harmful。 (8)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:根據(jù)ABC,到目前為止在攀登巨石時(shí)候,已經(jīng)有35人死亡。句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so far意為到目前為止,通常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用,本句主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,所以填have died。 (9)考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意:這就是為什么這個(gè)月的早些時(shí)候澳大利亞政府宣布將從2019年10月26日開(kāi)始禁止攀登Uluru。句中表語(yǔ)從句缺少連詞,且該表語(yǔ)從句表示最后的結(jié)果,why引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句表示最后的結(jié)果。所以填why。 (10)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:這就是為什么這個(gè)月的早些時(shí)候澳大利亞政府宣布將從2019年10月26日開(kāi)始禁止攀登Uluru。本句主語(yǔ)climbing Uluru與動(dòng)詞ban構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且表示將來(lái)的事情,要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。所以填will be banned。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及定語(yǔ)從句,形容詞,連詞,名詞,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,時(shí)態(tài),表語(yǔ)從句,時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇故事類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。2.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式(不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞)。 A teahouse is a special house which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments(茶點(diǎn)). Its function varies widely________(depend)on the culture. In China, a teahouse is a place ________people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize. It ________(consider) as a symbol of Chinese tea culture and people39。s leisure lives. Chinese teahouses enjoy a longstanding history. They developed from tea ________(stand) in the Western JIN Dynasty, took shape in the Tang Dynasty, developed ________(gradual) in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and became booming in modern times. In the Song Dynasty, teahouses spread all over the cities and villages, at a rate parable with that of restaurants. The owners preferred to decorate their teahouses ________paintings of celebrities or rare and precious plants ________(attract) customers. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the number of teahouses went beyond that of restaurants, gaining much ________ (wide) popularity and being more famous. Later, the acculturation(文化植入)of western culture forced traditional Chinese teahouses to take on________ new look. Since reform and openingup, with the rapid development of the economy and evident improvement of people39。s living standards, teahouses________(flower) in China.【答案】 depending;where;is considered;stands;gradually;with;to attract;wider;a;have flowered /have been flowering 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了茶樓在中國(guó)的發(fā)展歷史,它的特點(diǎn),外來(lái)文化對(duì)它的影響和現(xiàn)狀。 (1)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知此處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ), Its function是depend的邏輯主語(yǔ),它們之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞,填depending。 (2)考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知此處是定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞,指物的先行詞place在從句___2___people gather to enjoy tea中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故填關(guān)系副詞where,因此填where。 (3)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子可知此處是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)前文的is判斷為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)it和consider”考慮“之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be done, 主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),填is considered。 (4)考查名詞。stand作為“攤點(diǎn)”講是可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)they判斷此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填stands。 (5)考查副詞。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞developed,故填gradually。 (6)考查介詞。分析句子可知,此處應(yīng)填介詞,再結(jié)合句意“用名人的畫(huà)或珍貴的植物來(lái)裝飾他們的茶樓”,“用”是with,故填with。 (7)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知此處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,再結(jié)合句意“用名人的畫(huà)或珍貴的植物裝飾他們的茶樓來(lái)吸引顧客”,此處表目的,故用不定式,故填to attract。 (8)考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)填形容詞修飾名詞popularity(普及,流行),再根據(jù)much判斷用比較級(jí),故填wider。 (9)考查冠詞。look作為名詞時(shí)可數(shù),再結(jié)合句意“呈現(xiàn)出一個(gè)新的面貌”,故應(yīng)用不定冠詞,又new是輔音音素開(kāi)頭,故填a。 (10)考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子可知此處是主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)上文的since判斷此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),主語(yǔ)teahouses是復(fù)數(shù),故填have flowered/have been flowering。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,定語(yǔ)從句,時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài),名詞,副詞