【正文】 is colder here than in Shanghai． 3．In some places you may borrow many books as you want．（NMET 39。94）這是一個包含“as．．．a(chǎn)s”結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，句中只有后一個as，前一個遺漏了，所以應(yīng)在 many前加上as。三、見有轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、對比等句子結(jié)構(gòu)，查是否患有行文邏輯不一致病。1．I like singing，my brother likes dancing．漢語中有時不需要連詞，講完一個分句接下去講另一個分句。英語中連詞使用比漢語廣泛得多。該句應(yīng)在后一個分句前加 while，表示對比。2．A lady came to the window with the ball and shouted at the boy，and he ran away． 男孩跑開了，是因為打破了人家的窗子，而受到喝斥，按邏輯，上下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)把后一個and改為so。3．Mr Lee39。s pany publishes books and he buys books all over the world． 前后敘述事實矛盾，不合邏輯，應(yīng)把buys改為sells。四、見有多重句，查是否患有時態(tài)、語態(tài)混亂，引導詞不當，成分缺失病。1．I always wanted to return to the village after moving away and is really great to see most of my old friends again． 該句后一個分句與前一個分句時態(tài)和人稱不一致，應(yīng)把is改為was。2．Tom asks Mary if she knows the man is speaking to her． 句法成分多余或缺少?？梢栽趇s前加 who或去掉is。3．And whether you pay the cost of sending a postcard，the librarian will write to you．whether改為if。whether引導名詞性從句時，作“是否”解，有時可換用if，這里是條件狀語從句，只用if。4．He lives in Beijing，where is the capital of China．在這個非限制性定語從句中，引導詞要作主語，所以應(yīng)把關(guān)系副詞where改為關(guān)系代詞which。5．He wrote to me immediately as soon as he got there．該句錯在連詞重復(fù)使用。immediately在這里是連詞，與as soon as同義，引導后面的從句，所以應(yīng)去掉一個連詞。五、見有特殊疑問句，查是否患有疑問詞使用不當病。1．—How much was the price of your car？—I bought the car at a cheap price，only 2，000 dollars． 英語中問價格（price），常以what提問，以 high或low回答。所以該句中How much應(yīng)改為What，cheap改為low。只有在敘述某物的價值時，才用cheap或expensive。如：The car is cheap． 2．China39。s population is more than any other countries39。in the world． 問population也不用how much ／many，而要用what，回答時用large或big，little。所以文中的more應(yīng)改為larger。另外，address，weight，phone number等，也要用what提問。六、見有名詞和代詞，查是否患有數(shù)、格、指代不一致病。1．Different people speak different language．這里是名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)不一致，應(yīng)該把 language改為languages。2．Some people read the books or watch television．While others have sports． 句中books前多一定冠詞the。books在該句中為泛指，而不是特指哪些書。3．What a lovely weather we are having today！去掉a，weather是不可數(shù)名詞，前面不加冠詞a。七、見有并列主語，從句作主語，不定代詞、集合名詞、非謂語動詞作主語，時間、距離、金錢作主語，together with等引導的成分修飾主語等，查是否患有主語不一致病。1．Playing football not only makes us grow tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit．（NMET 39。98）but also后面的分句的主語是動名詞 playing football，承前省略了，所以give改為 gives，與前一個分句的謂語makes一致。2．She as well as her brothers are fond of studying English． are改為is，使主謂保持一致。with，together with，as well as，but，besides，including等起連接作用的詞引導的部分只對主語起修飾作用，不視作主語。3．About 2，000 dollars have been spent in buying new dress for his beautiful wife this year． have改為has，“about 2，000 dollars”作為“一筆錢”常視作一個整體，謂語用單數(shù)。八、見有短語、詞組，查是否患有固定結(jié)構(gòu)中副詞、介詞或冠詞使用不當病。1．Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd． 去掉a，“看見”的固定短語是“catch sight of”。2．When he came back，he found someone had broken in his house． 把in改為into，“break into”是固定搭配，為“破門而入”之意。九、見有特殊動詞，查是否患有非謂語動詞或虛擬語氣使用不當病。1．He made me to post a letter for him． 去掉to。在make，have，feel，let及感官動詞后的復(fù)合賓語中，用不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語。（但變成被動語態(tài)后，主語補足語要用帶to的不定式）2．Don39。t forget taking your umbrella when you leave here． taking改為to take。forget，remember，regret等詞后跟動名詞時，動名詞所表示的動作先于謂語動作；后跟不定式，表示“要去做……”。3．I suggested to go there with him after work． to go改為going。suggest及在中學課本中常見的advise，finish，mind，enjoy，require，practise，consider，miss，avoid，admit，delay，imagine，risk，keep，escape，resist等動詞，要接動名詞作賓語。4．He ordered that the work must be started at once． 去掉must，或改為should。order及demand，require，request，insist，propose，advise，suggest等動詞后的賓語從句，常用虛擬語氣“should ＋原形動詞”作謂語，should可以省略。十、見有非謂語動詞作狀語，查是否患有邏輯主語或邏輯賓語使用不當病。1．If it heated，water can be changed into steam．顯然句中的條件狀語是從一個If引導的從句簡化而來，這種“連詞＋非謂語動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中非謂語動詞的邏輯主語就是句子主語。所以這里it是多余的，應(yīng)去掉。又如：When hearing the news，he burst into tears．hearing前也不再加he。2．The box is too heavy for the little boy to carry it．該句型中不定式“to carry”邏輯上的賓語就是句子的主語，所以句中代詞it重復(fù)，應(yīng)去掉。第三篇：短文改錯短文改錯高考英語短文改錯題要求考生判斷一篇短文中十行(自1995年以來)文字是否有錯，如果有錯誤就將其改正。此題型旨在測試考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷并改正短文中錯誤的能力，以及考查考生準確運用詞法、句法、行文邏輯等的綜合能力。本題型側(cè)重考查考生的詞匯和語法基礎(chǔ)知識，但并不是單純的知識檢測，而是考查考生在閱讀的過程中運用語法知識解決實際問題的能力?？v觀近幾年高考短文改錯，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)其設(shè)題方式比較固定：正確為1個，多詞或缺詞共計3個，錯詞為6個，其比例為1：3:6。下面引用近幾年的高考題來分析一下此題的三種錯誤類型：多詞、缺詞和錯詞。一、多詞(l)Suddenly,I caught a sight of my English teacherin the crowd.【解析lsight是不可數(shù)名詞，且catch sight of是固定搭配，意為“看見”。(2)For e】cample, when l was a child, the rain was amystery.【解析】，am為不可數(shù)名詞，泛指時前面不用冠詞。【知識拓寬】(1)不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時不用冠詞。Modern people know more about the health, havebetter food，and?(2)與by連用的交通工具及air，land，sea等名詞前不用冠詞。by bike騎自行車，by sea由海路，乘船(3)有些名詞(如school，class，hospital，church，prison，bed，table，town等)與相應(yīng)介詞連用，表示進行和這些詞直接相關(guān)的活動時，前不用冠詞。___ _去上學，_______坐牢，_______在吃飯(4)球類運動、棋類游戲前，不用冠詞。___ _打籃球，_______下棋(5)mo。t副詞作“非?！苯鈺r，前面不用定冠詞the。She is most 。(6)?；騮hough引導讓步狀語從句，構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，前置的單數(shù)名詞前不用任何冠詞。Child as he is,he knows a ，知道的卻很多。(l)ln fact,they are planning to visit China in next yeaL(2)We practice for three times every week..(3)So l39。m really sorry that l won39。t be able to e inthis time.【解析】以上三例都是作時間狀語的名詞短語前多了介詞。(4)?but we do not seem to get much time to talkabout together.【解析】talk about意為“談到??”，是及物動詞短語，后須接介詞賓語，但根據(jù)本句語境，此處不必接賓語，故去掉about?！局R拓寬】(1)last night, next week, this year, one day,threetimes等名詞詞組直接充當時間狀語，前面不用介詞。(2)有些動詞在漢語中是不及物動詞，在英語中卻是及物動詞，由于受漢語影響，可能多一個介詞。serve f