【正文】 ensively...It is well known to us all that “...”，比較eg: Some people say..., while others claim that...Some people believe..., but others argue that...Old people often feel that..., but for the young, it is....eg： What constitutes enough information for the decisionmaker? It39。s impossible to put a numberon it, but...Should the Spring Festival Gala be cancelled ? Different people have different is inevitable in such misfortuns occurs, what is yourresponse? Here are some tips for you to treat it in a proper 。數(shù)據(jù)引證（一般用在看圖作文中）eg: As we can see in the charts(柱狀圖，圓形百分比圖)，the number of Chinese people who goabroad has increased greatly between 1992 and is clearly shown in the charts, there is an increasing number of people who own a carduring the recent three figures in this graph（曲線圖）show us that...According to the graph, we can find that...It can be seen from the table（圖表，表格）that...eg: With the rapid development of..., the interview is being more and more important in of the development of..., great changes have occured in the educational system of mobilphone is very popular with college students.(很受學(xué)生歡迎)In recent years cheating in CET4 still prevails among the college students.（近幾年里四級考試舞弊現(xiàn)象在大學(xué)生中仍然很普遍。）It is wellaccepted that nowadays dishonesty is a mon phenomenon in society.(人們都意識到現(xiàn)今社會中普遍存在不誠實(shí)的現(xiàn)象)There is a heated debate over private private car aroused a lot of ，它意味著考生做了30分鐘的白工。為了避免這個(gè)問題我們一定要仔細(xì)省題，弄清楚考題要求是寫議論文、說明文還是記敘文，然后確定文章主題和大致思路。大學(xué)英語四級寫作——主題句和擴(kuò)展句(20070605 10:09:26)分類：英語學(xué)習(xí)在明確了題目要求、確定立意后，應(yīng)該根據(jù)題意構(gòu)思出文章的框架結(jié)構(gòu)。其中寫好主題句是最關(guān)鍵的步驟。論述的段落包含多個(gè)主題句。主題句（topic sentence）反映段落的中心思想，體現(xiàn)文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)，讓讀者對作者的思路一目了然。要寫好主題句必須注意以下幾個(gè)方面：1。主題句必須是個(gè)完整的句子，與文章主旨密切相關(guān)。2。主題句一般是general sentence，內(nèi)容明確、具體。3。主題句內(nèi)涵要廣，便于展開細(xì)節(jié)論述。比如，寫一篇論述計(jì)算器的文章，主題思想是反映計(jì)算器能幫助人們快速解決算術(shù)問題，但過分依賴計(jì)算器會對人腦有不良影響。那么主題句應(yīng)該要緊扣計(jì)算器的使用利弊這個(gè)方面，eg: Calculators can obveousely benefit , overusing calculators will also do some harm to ，段落的主題便模糊不清，在進(jìn)一步闡述時(shí)會失去方向感。如：To improve English proficiency, one needs to acquire some skills太泛，讀者弄不清到底是哪方面的技能技巧。改成：To improve reading ability, one needs to acquiresome reading ，范圍明確，便于細(xì)節(jié)描述。而如果句子涉及的面太窄，不夠general，沒有進(jìn)一步討論的余地，這樣的句子就不適合作主題句。如：Today more and more women are going out to ，沒有進(jìn)行詳細(xì)闡述的必要，所以它本身只能是細(xì)節(jié)句，用來解釋主題句。主題句確定后，必須有足夠的細(xì)節(jié)去支持主題句所提出的觀點(diǎn)，給出充分、有力的論證。這就是擴(kuò)展句的任務(wù)。擴(kuò)展句是段落的主干部分，是對主題句的中心思想的詳細(xì)解釋，它的特點(diǎn)是：1。清晰詳實(shí)；2。條理分明；3。內(nèi)容一致。如：主題句為：Cellphone is one of themost popular means of ，有條理地進(jìn)行闡述：（擴(kuò)展句1）People make use of it to make an appointment, take a message forothers,discuss a question and so on.（擴(kuò)展局2）People even use it to have a meeting or give a，而且以遞進(jìn)的順序排列，讓讀者更好地理解主題句的含義，具有說服力。大學(xué)英語四級寫作——段落的展開(20070605 10:56:54)分類：英語學(xué)習(xí)主題句與擴(kuò)展句構(gòu)成段落，那么文章段落有什么樣的特點(diǎn)呢？1。段落一致性。在一個(gè)段落就只有一個(gè)主題句，就是說一個(gè)段落就只能有一個(gè)中心思想，一個(gè)核心，段落中所有其他句子都要圍繞這個(gè)中心展開或鋪述，一切與主題句沒有直接關(guān)系的句子都要舍棄掉。如：However, fake modities are extremely harmful to consumers as well as to thewhole of all, fake modities may cause losses to , fakemodities may harm people39。s health, sometimes even in the 1998 fatal alcoholpoisoning case in Shanxi Province, for example, a peasant produced “alcohol”, dreaming ofbeing rich overnight。which, with 27 people killed and about 700 poisoned, caused greatsufferings to the victims and shoked the whole country as , it is really high time wetook action to crack down on the production and sale of fake 句，其后作者用了三個(gè)擴(kuò)展句進(jìn)行說明，每句話都與主題句密切相關(guān)，最后的結(jié)尾句對整段論述做了升華。所以這一段落是符合一致性原則的。2。段落連貫性一個(gè)好段落在具體語言上和內(nèi)容上要有連貫性，段落中的句子要符合一定的條理和邏輯順序，句與句之間銜接要緊密，過度要自然、流暢，這樣才能反映出一個(gè)清晰的思路。如：It is known to us all that modern transportation plays an important role in our the pastpeople used to suffer a great deal if they had to make a long journey or convey some heavy goods,the fact is that the transport means at that time was simple and , various vehicles, shipsand airplanes have enabled us to go wherever we like only does modern transportationbring people much convenience, but is also frees people from the hard work of is more important is that modern transportaion has saved much of our time so that we can do morework and learn more ，然后通過古今對比展開論述，按時(shí)間順序排列，條理清楚，語句連貫自然。按邏輯順序安排細(xì)節(jié)是使段落連貫的方法之一，常用的順序有四種：時(shí)間順序、空間順序、演繹法和歸納法。演繹法是先通過主題句給出一般的總體的觀點(diǎn)，然后給出擴(kuò)展句擺具體的事實(shí)，體現(xiàn)了一般到具體的順序；歸納法是先給具體事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)，再概括總結(jié)出其中道理、規(guī)律，體現(xiàn)了具體到一般的順序。使段落連貫的方法之二是使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接手段，一般是指關(guān)聯(lián)詞的使用。這個(gè)問題我下次再詳許述。大學(xué)英語四級寫作——段落的連貫性(20070607 15:43:06)分類：英語學(xué)習(xí)在確定好一條條的擴(kuò)展句后，怎樣把這些句子流暢而連貫地組合在一起呢？這便是關(guān)聯(lián)詞發(fā)揮作用的時(shí)候了。在英語中，句與句之間、段與段之間一般都有連詞或關(guān)聯(lián)詞連接，通過這些詞讀者能夠很清楚地明白文章前后的邏輯聯(lián)系。適當(dāng)使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞是四級寫作必備的技能，大家應(yīng)該要引起特別重視。常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞分為四類：1。列舉類列舉法常用在議論文中，當(dāng)作者提出一個(gè)論點(diǎn)后，可通過列舉出一系列事實(shí)對其進(jìn)行說明或論證。列舉類關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：first(ly), second(ly),...finally。for one thing, for another。on the one hand, on the other hand。moreover。furthermore。what39。s more。in addition。besides。first of all。in the first place, in thesecond place。(at)last。then。next。the last but not the least2。舉例類舉例法是用事例或數(shù)據(jù)對中心觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行說明論證的方法，舉例類關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：for example。for instance。such as。like。take...for example。a case in point。namely。in otherwords。that is。especially。in particular3。比較和對比比較是把兩種或兩種以上的事物進(jìn)行比較，以辨別出它們的相似之處；對比是將這些事物進(jìn)行對照，辨別其差異而指出各自的特征和本質(zhì)。這類關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：but。however。yet。otherwise。while。in contrast。by contrast。on the contrary。similarly。likewise。like。conversely。rather than。instead。on the other hand。equally。nevertheless。nonetheless。unlike。still。in the same way。pared with...as a result。since。because(of)。thanks to。due to。owing to。for this reason。hence。thus。therefore。on this/that account。on account of。consequently總結(jié)法是指在表達(dá)了一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)或舉了一個(gè)例子后，進(jìn)行總結(jié)、給出概括，這類關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：in this case。according to。in a word。in brief。in short。to sum up新東方四級寫作萬能句型(20070611 18:36:22)分類：英語學(xué)習(xí)貼一些新東方的四級寫作萬能句型，希望對大家有所幫助：1）第一段：（1）現(xiàn)狀說明：“用于文章開頭的語句” asked about.../ When it es to.../ Faced with...most/many people believe that..., butother people